Influence of tillage, residue management, and crop rotation on soil microbial biomass and catabolic diversity

Govaerts, Bram; Mezzalama, Mónica; Unno, Yusuke; Sayre, Ken D.; Luna‐Guido, Marco; Vanherck, Katrien; Dendooven, Luc; Deckers, Jozef

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.006

Cited by 315 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…At the same time, the reduced disturbance of the soil structure decreases emission rates of CO 2 , N 2 O, and CH 4 ). The resultant increase in SOC concentration further stimulates soil's structure formation and stability (Govaerts et al 2007). In economic terms, the number of passes over a field needed to establish and harvest a crop under NT decreases dramatically, requiring 50-80% less fuel and 30-50% less labor (Huggins and Reganold 2008).…”

Section: The Potential Impact Of Conservation Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is achieved through the practicing of reduced tillage or no-till (NT) method of seedbed preparation coupled with crop residue management. The retention of crop residues on the soil surface decreases raindrop impact, lessens aggregate slaking and dispersion (Stavi and Lal 2010), and protects the soil from water and wind erosion (Govaerts et al 2007). The retention of crop residues also increases infiltration and decreases evaporation loss, favoring crop yields where water availability limits production.…”

Section: The Potential Impact Of Conservation Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agroforestry and biochar to offset climate change: a review

Stavi

Lal

2012

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

148

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Expansion of agricultural land use has increased emission of greenhouse gases, exacerbating climatic changes. Most agricultural soils have lost a large portion of their antecedent soil organic carbon storage, becoming a source of atmospheric carbon-dioxide. In addition, agricultural soils can also be a major source of nitrous oxide and methane. Adoption of conservation agricultural practices may mitigate some of the adverse impacts of landuse intensification. However, optimal implementation of these practices is not feasible under all physical and biotic conditions. Of a wide range of conservation practices, the most promising options include agroforestry systems and soil application of biochar, which can efficiently sequester large amounts of carbon over the long-run. In addition, these practices also increase agronomic productivity and support a range of ecosystem services. Payments to farmers and land managers for sequestrating carbon and improving ecosystem services is an important strategy for promoting the adoption of such practices, aimed at mitigating climate change while decreasing environmental footprint of agriculture and sustaining food security.

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Section: The Potential Impact Of Conservation Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Potential Impact Of Conservation Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry and biochar to offset climate change: a review

Stavi

Lal

2012

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

148

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“…Para a determinação do perfil metabólico das comunidades bacterianas, foram aplicados 120 µL de suspensão de solo, diluída a 10 -3 , em cada poço das microplacas Biolog EcoPlate (Biolog, Inc., Hayward, CA, EUA), que foram incubadas a 28°C (Govaerts et al, 2007). Foram realizadas, a cada 12 horas, leituras em espectrofotômetro leitor de microplacas Biochrom Asys UVM 340, (Biochrom Ltd., Cambridge, Reino Unido) a 590 nm, até obtenção de média de desenvolvimento de cor ("average well color development", AWCD) de 0,8-1,0 unidade de absorbância para cada placa, conforme adaptado de Garland & Mills (1991) e Zak et al (1994).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Estrutura metabólica e genética de comunidades bacterianas em solo de cerrado sob diferentes manejos

Souza

Schlemmer

Alencar

et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a estrutura metabólica e genética de comunidades bacterianas em Latossolo de cerrado sob vegetação nativa ou cultivado em sistema de rotação soja/milho sob preparo convencional e plantio direto. Foram utilizadas microplacas EcoPlate para determinar o perfil e a diversidade metabólica das comunidades bacterianas, e eletroforese em gel com gradiente desnaturante (DGGE) para avaliar a estrutura genética. O teste estatístico de Mantel foi utilizado para avaliar a relação entre a estrutura metabólica e a genética. A comunidade bacteriana sob vegetação nativa apresentou perfil metabólico diferente do encontrado em solos cultivados. No solo cultivado com soja sob preparo convencional, o padrão de utilização das fontes de carbono diferenciou-se dos demais tratamentos. Com base nos resultados de DGGE, a comunidade bacteriana sob vegetação nativa apresentou 35% de similaridade com as de áreas cultivadas. Foram formados grupos distintos de comunidades bacterianas do solo entre as áreas sob preparo convencional e plantio direto. Houve correlação significativa de 62% entre as matrizes geradas pelas microplacas EcoPlate e pela DGGE. Variações no perfil metabólico estão relacionadas às variações na estrutura genética das comunidades bacterianas do solo.

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“…Some examples of the system in crisis include: unsustainable water withdrawals for agriculture (UN-Water 2009;FAO 2012) the loss of land productivity following degradation from overgrazing of marginal land (Geist and Lambin 2004;Slimani et al 2010;Alemseged et al 2011;Zhou et al 2011); decreasing fish yields as the globalised trade in aquatic farming exacerbates the spread of disease from the intensive farming of aquatic livestock (Stentiford et al 2012); soil nutrient deficiency and the collective damage to the environment of processes connected with intensive mono-cropping (Watson et al 2002;Ball et al 2005;Govaerts et al 2007); and the loss of free ecosystem services, for example from bees which naturally help to pollinate crops (Kremen et al 2002;Brown and Paxton 2009). Land degradation alone is predicted to reduce global yields by 30 % in the next 20-50 years (Pimentel 2006) during which time, global demand will require yield increases of 40 % (Beddington 2010).…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining micro-bottom-up and macro-top-down modelling responses to nutrient cycles in complex agricultural systems

Burdock

Crawford

2015

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Concerns over the long-term sustainability of the food production system and the nutritional content of food from mineral depleted soils have encouraged a policy shift to sustainable agricultural practices where soil health supports nutrition-sensitive agriculture. Interventions at the micro scale have the ability to affect the entire system, forcing an examination at the whole of systems level. Modelling plays an important role in determining the outcomes of policy intervention combinations, particularly when systems are identified as being complex. This study begins with a systems map tracing the nutrient cycling process between natural ecosystem processes and farm practices from the bottom-up within a top-down framework. Soil is at the centre of this approach, expanding links to other influences within the framework in order to understand the relationships between elements in an environmental-agricultural system. Moving to a generic model from a broad conceptual system map is problematic when crop types, plant mineral absorption rates, soil and geographic differences are to be accommodated. Work has been done to develop top-down framework models integrating bottom-up component models, capable of being used in different scenarios. Whether existing models are used or new models are created, this study recommends that an appropriate modelling response require examination of systems and policy interventions both holistically and in detail encompassing situational specifics.

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Influence of tillage, residue management, and crop rotation on soil microbial biomass and catabolic diversity

Cited by 315 publications

References 65 publications

Agroforestry and biochar to offset climate change: a review

Agroforestry and biochar to offset climate change: a review

Estrutura metabólica e genética de comunidades bacterianas em solo de cerrado sob diferentes manejos

Combining micro-bottom-up and macro-top-down modelling responses to nutrient cycles in complex agricultural systems

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