ResumoA ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCC) é a causa comum de claudicação no membro pélvico em cães. Estudos recentes demonstram que o ângulo de inclinação do platô tibial está associado à RLCC. A partir dessa descoberta, desenvolveu-se a técnica de osteotomia e nivelamento do platô tibial (TPLO). A técnica consiste na osteotomia, rotação e estabilização da porção proximal da tíbia, alterando a mecânica da articulação, neutralizando o impulso tibial cranial. A proposta do presente estudo é revisar a técnica de TPLO, enfatizando o procedimento, técnica cirúrgica, cuidados pós-operatórios e complicações. O grupo estudado era composto de 40 cães. AbstractCranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) frequently causes hindlimb limping in dogs. Recent studies showed that tibial plateau angle shift is associated with CCLR. Based on this founding the tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) technique was developed. It consists about osteotomy, rotation and stabilization of tibial proximal portion, which modify joint mechanics thus neutralizing tibial cranial thrust. The proposal of this study is to report a review of the TPLO procedure, emphasizing procedure, surgical technique, post operative care and complications. Fourty dogs presenting CCLR were submitted to surgery, seventeen with the left limb affected, 23 on the right. The tibial plateau angles before surgery varied from 16 o to 36 o . Thirty animals (75%) returned to limb normal use in a week; six animals (15%) were back to normal deambulation to the fifteenth day, one animal (2,5%) were back to normal deambulation to the 20 0 day other one before the 30 o day. Three animals (7,5%) had surgical post-operatory complications, including suture descending, tibial fracture and implant failure. TPLO technique seemed appropriate for treatment of CCLR from dogs within a broad weight range. Early limb use occurred in most animals. Eventual problems arose from surgical procedure, and were promptly corrected.Keywords: osteotomy, cranial cruciate ligament, dog. IntroduçãoO ligamento cruzado cranial previne a hiperextensão do joelho, limita a rotação excessiva da tíbia em direção à face medial do fêmur, assim como evita o deslizamento cranial da tíbia em relação ao fêmur, conhecido como "movimento de gaveta", presente nos animais portadores de ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial, reforçando sua importância na estática articular (Adams, 1986).Esse ligamento divide-se em bandas craniomedial e caudolateral, com diferentes pontos de inserção do platô tibial.(Johnson e Hulse, 2002).A origem da ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (LCC) pode ser traumática e/ou degenerativa e, ao contrário da lesão aguda, na forma crônica a ruptura do ligamento é gradativa e geralmente ocorre durante a atividade normal ou em decorrência de trauma menor (Bennett et al., 1988). Fatores

Numerous diseases are carried and can be transmitted from the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) to livestock. Therefore, buffaloes may only be moved with a special transport permit. Disease-free buffaloes are in demand amongst private game farmers. Current disease-free animals derive from a small genetic pool and hence there is a special interest in bringing new genetic material into the disease-free populations. Different breeding programs were developed in the past, which allow producing disease-free offspring from an infected herd. In this study epididymal sperm from 16 mature African buffalo bulls were frozen with Triladyl™ and AndroMed ® (both Minitüb, Germany) with or without the addition of bovine seminal plasma. Post-thaw motility, longevity and acrosomal integrity were compared by means of paired two-tailed t-tests. For both cryodiluents the post-thaw motility was mostly higher when no seminal plasma was added: no differences could be seen for the acrosomal integrity. Triladyl™ was superior to AndroMed ® in regards to total post-thaw motility. This study indicates that the use of bovine seminal plasma in a concentration of 10% is detrimental rather than beneficial in regards to the post-thaw motility. Triladyl™ rather than AndroMed ® should be used to freeze buffalo epididymal sperm, since it is superior in terms of post-thaw motility, even though the former, containing egg yolk, is not a defined medium and therefore lacks quality standards and carries a hygiene risk. Cette étude montre que l'utilisation decplasma séminal bovin à la concentration de 10% est plus nuisible que bénéfique en ce qui concerne la motilité post-congélation. Triladyl TM devrait être préféré à Andromed ® pour congeler le sperme épididymal de bison, puisqu'il est meilleur en ce qui concerne la motilité post-congélation, même s'il contient du jaune d'oeuf et n'est pas un milieu défini ( pas de standards de qualité), ce qui sous-entend un risque hygienique. Zusammenfassung

A circulação extracorpórea (CEC) promove alterações graves no organismo do paciente que necessita ser submetido a esse procedimento, que pode, no entanto, ser contornadas ou minimizadas com manobras específicas para cada situação. Apesar de ser uma técnica já estabelecida na medicina humana, ainda existem avanços a serem alcançados. Objetivou-se com este trabalho descrever a técnica de circulação extracorpórea e informar seus efeitos hemodinâmicos quando aplicada em cães. Utilizaram-se quatro cães hígidos, sem raça definida. Os animais foram submetidos à anestesia e monitoramentos e coletas sanguíneas foram realizadas (T0). Em seguida, os animais foram submetidos à esternotomia mediana, canulação da artéria aorta e veias cava cranial e caudal e mantidos por um período de 30 minutos em CEC (T1), foram, depois, desconectados da máquina de CEC, permanecendo por 30 minutos em processo de reperfusão (T2), seguidos de uma hora de reperfusão (T3), sendo, então, eutanasiados. Avaliaram-se os seguintes parâmetros: pressão arterial média, pressão venosa central, oxigenação (SaO2) e capnografia (ETCO2). PAM, PVC e SaO2 permaneceram dentro da normalidade durante os tempos avaliados, já a média observada do ETCO2 estava abaixo apenas em um dos animais experimentais, porém os valores mantiveram-se dentro da normalidade na maioria dos animais experimentais. Concluiu-se que a CEC é possível de ser realizada em cães, sem prejuízos hemodinâmicos graves, considerando-se os parâmetros avaliados neste experimento.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cães, circulação extracorpórea, cardiologia veterinária, cirurgia. HEMODYNAMIC ASPECTS OF CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS IN DOGS ABSTRACTThe cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) promotes major changes to the body of the patient that needs to be subjected to this procedure, but it can be circumvented or minimized with specific maneuvers for each situation. Despite being an established technique in human medicine, there are still improvements to be achieved. The purposes of this work were to clarify the cardiopulmonary bypass and inform its hemodynamic effects when applied to dogs. Four mongrel healthy dogs were used. The animals were anesthetized and monitored and samples were collected (T0). After that, the animals underwent median sternotomy and cannulation of the aorta and cranial and caudal vena cava and they were kept in CPB for a period of 30 minutes (T1), then disconnected from the CPB machine during 30 minutes in reperfusion process (T2), followed by one hour of reperfusion (T3), and then they were euthanized. The following parameters were evaluated: mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), oxygenation (SaO2) and capnography (ETCO2). MAP, CVP and SaO2 remained within normal limits during the times evaluated. Although the observed average of ETCO2 was low in one of the experimental

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