Los profesionales sanitarios y especialmente los que trabajamos en oncología y cuidados paliativos somos frecuentemente interpelados por el sufrimiento de nuestros pacientes. El modelo biomédico, es insuficiente para entenderlo y atenderlo. Para ello se requiere ampliar la perspectiva, hacia una visión más abierta que incluya nuestra dimensión espiritual.La espiritualidad es un universal humano, y se expresa como el dinamismo que impulsa nuestro anhelo inagotable de plenitud y felicidad, que caracteriza la condición humana y que se expresa en la red de relaciones que cada persona establece.La enfermedad grave y la proximidad de la muerte son oportunidades de apertura a esta dimensión y de sanación. El profesional que conoce este proceso puede acercarse desde la hospitalidad, presencia y compasión y acompañar este itinerario.En este articulo intentamos explorar de forma resumida qué entendemos por espiritualidad, espiritualidad en clínica, necesidades y recursos espirituales, el itinerario de la persona que atraviesa un proceso de sufrimiento, perdida y/o muerte y las actitudes y herramientas de los profesionales para explorar, atender y acompañar en este espacio difícil y hasta ahora poco transitado.
Spiritual care requires understanding the spiritual experiences of patients and recognizing their resources and needs. Therefore, educators and practitioners should develop their knowledge and understanding in this regard. Spiritual care helps people overcome their anxieties, worries, and suffering; reduces stress; promotes healing; and encourages patients to find inner peace. To provide comprehensive and appropriate care while upholding human/ethical virtues, the spiritual dimension must be a priority. We aim to develop spiritual care competence guidelines for Palliative Care (PC) education and practice in Portugal and Spain. The study detailed in this protocol paper will include three phases. In phase I, the phenomenon will be characterized and divided into two tasks: (1) a concept analysis of “spiritual care competence”; and (2) a systematic review of interventions or strategies used to integrate spiritual care in PC education and practice. Phase II will entail a sequential explanatory approach (online survey and qualitative interviews) to deepen understanding of the perceptions and experiences of educators, practitioners, and patients/family carers regarding spiritual care in PC education and practice and generate ideas for the next steps. Phase III will comprise a multi-phased, consensus-based approach to identify priority areas of need as decided by a group of experts. Results will be used to produce guidelines for integrating spirituality and spiritual care competence within PC education and practice and synthesized in a white book for PC professionals. The value of this improved examination of spiritual care competence will ultimately depend on whether it can inform the development and implementation of tailored educational and PC services. The project will promote the ‘spiritual care’ imperative, helping practitioners and patients/family carers in their preparedness for End-of-Life care, as well as improving curricular practices in this domain.
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