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Due to its unique electronic properties, graphene has already been identified as a promising material for future carbon based electronics. To develop graphene technology, the fabrication of a high quality P-N junction is a great challenge. Here, we describe a general technique to grow single crystalline polyaniline (PANI) films on graphene sheets using in situ polymerization via the oxidation-reduction of aniline monomer and graphene oxide, respectively, to fabricate a high quality P-N junction, which shows diode-like behavior with a remarkably low turn-on voltage (60 mV) and high rectification ratio (1880:1) up to a voltage of 0.2 V. The origin of these superior electronic properties is the preferential growth of a highly crystalline PANI film as well as lattice matching between the d-values [∼2.48 Å] of graphene and {120} planes of PANI.

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The synthesis of a highly crystalline graphite-like new material with an interlayer separation of 2.8 Å is demonstrated by re-stacking GO sheets in the form of a thin film. The optical absorption spectra and electrical data indicate that the new crystal phase is an indirect zero gap semiconductor.

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Green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) has gained momentum over chemical methods due to its environmental compatibility. The present study deals with the green synthesis of the RGO sheet using the bark extract of Alstonia scholaris by the simple heating method in less time duration. Different characterizations such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirm the formation of RGO and the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study shows that the synthesized material is a few-layered RGO sheet. The result of the photoluminescence (PL) study explores the partial reduction of graphene oxide (GO). The photocatalytic activities of the synthesized product were investigated via photo-degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO). The results show that the synthesized RGO is more fruitful in cationic dye (MB) degradation than that of anionic dye (MO) depending on the electrostatic interaction between RGO and the dyes. The rate of photocatalytic performance of the nanocomposite on MB dye is 40 times greater than that of MO dye.

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