T HE PRIMARY objective of this study is to present a database of indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants used to cure diseases among the local traditional people of Bhadrak district of Odisha, which could provide novel remedies for diseases. The study highlights the use of local flora (wild and cultivated plant species); explore; identify; ethnobotany and conservation of Bhadrak district. It also pays heed to the proper utilization of flora as a way of highlighting its ethnopharmacological importance. A field survey was conducted to collect the information about floral diversity in and around the study site. Data on the use of plants were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire and from the peer reviewed literatures. A total of 85 plant species belongs to 46 different families were identified and documented along with their botanical name. Among them Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Fabaceae and Rutaceae were found to be dominated families. It is concluded that many people in the studied area still depend on medicinal plants for their treatment of different diseases like urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal tract infections, piles, tumors, asthma, diabetes, etc. This study needs to harness this traditional knowledge and preserve for the betterment of future mankind.

In mediterranean countries, water is considered as the most basic assets for economic sustainability growth. For cultivation, water is not only essential but also essential in different sectors such as in industries and economic growth. It is considered as also an important component of the environment with significant impact on natural conservation and health. Around 70% of fresh water withdrawals goes to agriculture. The use of water within the sectors are very diverse and included mainly for irrigation pesticides and fertilizers application and sustain livestock. In India, agriculture is an important sector for sustenance and growth of Indian economy. Today, in the whole world, India is one of the largest producers of agricultural products. Several agricultural commodities like tea, coffee, oil seeds, fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, rice, wheat, spices etc. are considered as the major supplier from India. For crop and yards water, irrigation management involves the monitoring of water applications. It is especially important to monitor soil moisture in order to promote optimise crop yields without runoff percolated loss.

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