In the current study, a macro fungus was collected and identified by using morphological and molecular tools to study the ITS region, which has been described as a universal barcode marker during molecular investigation for the identification of fungi. Based on morphology and molecular evidence, the collected fungus was identified as Daedalea Mushroom. The identified fungus was used for the synthesis of Iron and ZnO nanoparticles as an eco-friendly agent for nanoparticle synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed by, Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM). All these characterizations revealed the synthesis of Iron and ZnO NPs with an irregular shape and a size of 16.8 nm. The zinc oxide nanoparticles had a size in the range of 18.53 nm. Daedalea Mushroom was used for the first time to synthesize Iron and zinc nanoparticles. The mycosynthesized Iron and ZnO NPs were assessed as control agents at various dosage rates against the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus niger, which was isolated from an apple and identified using its morphology. At higher concentrations (0.75 mg/mL), the iron nanoparticles inhibited fungal growth by 72%, whereas at lower concentrations (0.25 mg/mL), they inhibited fungal growth by 60%. ZnO NPs showed good antifungal activity at different concentrations including growth inhibition at 0.25 mg/mL (88%), 1.0 mg/mL (68%), 0.75 mg/mL (75%), and 0.5 mg/mL (70%) concentrations of ZnO NPs. However, the maximum growth inhibition of ZnO NPs was observed at 0.25 mg/mL (88%) concentration and minimum growth inhibition at 0.1 mg/mL (22%). The current study concludes that Daedalea Mushroom works as a novel and eco-friendly source for the synthesis of Iron and ZnO NPs with prominent antifungal activities that can be further applied in different fields.
In the current investigation, a macrofungus was collected from
Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad. The collected fungus was identified
as Ganoderma multipileum, and further exploited for the synthesis of
nanoparticles using zinc metals. Chemical and morphological
characterization of synthetized nanoparticles was through Fourier
Transfer InfraRed spectroscopy analysis (FTIR), X-ray diffraction
analysis (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Scanning
Electron Microscopy analysis (SEM) and UV-Vis spectrum showed a broad
absorption between 350 and 380 nm, which indicates the synthesis of ZnO
NPs. ZnONPs have been used in a variety of biomedical studies including
such as biocompatibility, antifungal, antileishmanial, and antibacterial
studies. abilities, antifungal, antileishmanial, and antibacterial
studies. The ZnO nanoparticles showed a strong antibacterial effect
against gram-positive (Klesbsilla pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus)
and gram-negative (Eschericia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria.
Furthermore, the ZnO nanoparticles also showed a high antifungal effect
against different fungus. The current study concludes that Ganoderma
multipileum works as a novel and eco-friendly source for the synthesis
of ZnO NPs with prominent biological application that can be further
applied in different fields.
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