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Although several studies have examined the relationships among attention, impulse control, gender, and academic achievement, most have focused on clinical samples and have considered only one or two academic subjects. This study investigated these relationships among typically developing children using general achievement measures (academic scores and grades). Our participants were 270 typically developing primary school students (142 boys and 128 girls) of different nationalities living in Malaysia, recruited with purposive sampling with a mean age of 9.75 years. We found that both attention and impulse control significantly predicted academic achievement. Girls had a higher level of attention and impulse control than boys, but gender was not a significant moderator between either attention or impulse control and academic achievement. We discuss the implications of these findings and the need for further research.

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Violence against women and girls and its legal, social, psychological and related issues are not a new topic in social science. However, it has attracted a significant amount of attention from many researchers and still needs further investigation. Among different sources provoking violence against females such as gender inequality, insufficient protective legal systems, cultural pressure and etc., different marital patterns have been reported by the informants of this research. Child marriage, consanguineous marriage and unregistered/white marriage put girls and women in a vulnerable position. For example, under the pressure of abusive behavior in family, females escape from patriarchal family, leave their city/country and live as a refugee. In more severe cases, they attempt suicide under the pressure of pain and suffering. In comparison with developed countries where the human rights of the female are well-established and such marital patterns are not seen, these types of martial patterns are reported in patriarchal societies. Therefore, this study introduces these patterns and describes their effects on provoking the domestic violence. Through interview sessions with victims of domestic violence, a qualitative methodology was used to gain in-depth information. To avoid or reduce the financial, emotional and physical costs of domestic violence, it is necessary that counselors, health care provider systems, society and authorities prioritize prevention methods and intervention programs to improve the cultural level of the society and to encourage people toward developing a violence-free society.

In modern times, social media platforms have become veritable tools of communication and interaction amongst young adults in the university environment as well as the larger society. As important as it is, the platform has continued to cause serious psychological and emotional trauma to users through cyberbullying activities. This study examined the relationship between demographic factors and undergraduates' cyberbullying experiences in public universities in Malaysia. It was a quantitative study which adopted survey design. Self-designed questionnaire entitled Demographic factors and undergraduates' cyberbullying experiences was used for data collection. The instrument yielded coefficient of .92 using the Cronbach's alpha reliability. A total of 400 undergraduates were purposively selected at public university in west Malaysia, Johor. One research question was raised and three hypotheses were tested. Data collected were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least Squares 3 (SEM-PLS3. The findings revealed that there was significant relationship between the demographic factors: gender and programme of study but no significance for race. Hence, gender and programme of study significantly predict cyberbullying experiences of undergraduates than racial affiliations. It was recommended that effective counselling be introduced in order to assist victims of cyber assaults overcome the trauma suffered, and also stem the wave of cyberbullying among undergraduates.

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In modern times, social media platforms have become veritable tools of communication and interaction amongst young adults in the university environment as well as the larger society. However, the platform has continued to cause serious psychological and emotional trauma to users through cyberbullying activities. This study examined the influence of motivations for social media use on cyberbullying behaviours (CBB) among undergraduates in Malaysian public universities. It was a quantitative type and it adopted survey design. A total sample of 400 undergraduates were purposively selected from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Self-designed questionnaire entitled Motivation for social media use and CBB was used for data collection. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least Squares 3. The findings revealed that undergraduates were more socially motivated for social media activities than for academic motives; thus, the reason for experiences of cyberbullying. Also, there was a significant relationship between motivations for social media use and CBB. Keywords: Motivation, social media use, cyberbullying behaviours, public universities.