Abstract. Micro-Hydro electrical power systems are very useful for remote area electrification which does not had supply from the national grid. On the contrary, this area has river streams with high potential for micro-hydro power generation. As such, the UTHM ECO-Hydro Team embarked on a project for erecting a micro-hydro power plant with collaboration with National Education Research Center (NERC), Johor National Park Corporation in Endau Rompin. The existing power generation in this area at present is by using diesel generator gives negative impact on finance and environment in the long run. It supplies power to several including library, offices, open laboratory, chalets and dorms.. At the moment, the micro-hydro system complements the diesel generator, thus becoming a hybrid power generation system.
Anchor bolts have been used to attach the steel structure of concrete and transfer load into the concrete. Anchor bolts in concrete are to withstand the shear force as they connect steel beams to the reinforced concrete foundations. The research was carried out to increase the understanding and investigating the performance of anchor bolts Pigtail since there is a lack of research on the bolt and to compare it with anchor bolts J which have been widely used by the industry. According to the methodology, testing the tensile load was used in this research to get a maximum load capacity of the anchor bolt in concrete. The sample was embedded in concrete cylinders of 75mm radius and 300mm height. Depths of embedment were 200mm, 230mm, and 260mm. The Universal Testing Machine, UTM was used to test the strength of tensile. 12 samples were used, each type and depth used two samples to get the average value using concrete grade 30. The samples underwent the process of curing for 28 days. The anchor bolts J used a 40mm bending radius and the length of hook was 100mm. Anchor bolts pigtail also used the 10 bending radius with depth of 8mm that have been compressed using 16mm radius rigs with a load of 500kN. Results of the research showed the depth of 260mm for Pigtail almost the same with J 60.529kN and 53.628kN and anchor bolts J were 75.557kN and 76.332kN. Difference of the values was not too far vary when compared with the 200mm and 230mm depths. Each comparison showed the ability of each bolt and anchor bolt failure occurred. Performance of the anchor bolts pigtail can be used on a structure or a higher load at an embedment of 260mm. Embedment of 200mm and 230mm can be used on a lighter load if steel material saving is a priority in every usage.
The construction industry is increasingly developing and growing rapidly with more advanced technologies. The world timber demand is increasing at a rapid rate but the timber supply is however depleting. It has been found through research that bamboo can suitably replace timber and other materials in constructions. This study was conducted to investigate the structural strength of bamboo connections involving only spliced joint and compared with control samples strength of bamboo which were not connected. Bending test was conducted on four types of bamboo connection structures which werehalf-lapped splice joint using 3 bolts, half-lapped splice joint using 2 bolts, side plate splice joint, sleeves and insert joint and control sample bamboo. Every connection had six samples to determine the structural strength of the bamboo connection. From the tests conducted, the maximum load that can be borne by the bamboo structure and the bending ofthe bamboo structure will be obtained. Data were compared with the theoretical calculation based on the study of Janssen's. The connection structure that can bear maximum load was sleeves and inserts which was 5.997 kN. The control samples bamboo maximum load was 4.504 kN. Meanwhile, half-lapped splice joint using 3 bolts and 2 bolts were 4.789 kN and 4.04 kN. Structural connections that carriedthe lowest load was side plate splice joint which was only 2.659 kN.Compared with the bending moment of Janssen's theory, all the connections did not exceed the maximum allowable bending moment. This showed that the study was in accordance with the standards approved by Janssen's theory. The study found that the structure of connections that can be used in the construction work was sleeves and inserts.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.