Nowadays the process of teaching and learning in Malaysia (especially in terms of Moral Education) are still unable to promote moral reasoning and critical thinking. Thus, the solution to this predicament is to provide teachers with an effective module for the development of moral reasoning and critical thinking among students. The purpose of this research was 1) to describe the usage of the ADDIE model for the development of a Philosophical Inquiry approach in Moral Education (PIME) modules, and 2) to identify the content validity of the module. The ADDIE model contained five phases, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Then, the researchers conducted a survey to assess the content validity of the module. The researchers also made some changes to the stimulus materials to fit the duration of the Moral Education lessons. The data were validated by six experts in the fields of Philosophical Inquiry and Moral Education. The results showed that the PIME module had a high content validity (>70 percent). It meant that this module was validated and ready for use.
This study determines the relationship between two types of travel distances on total evacuation times among secondary students at school building. Direct measurement was done on both flat and stair travel distances together with the actual evacuation time for every student. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was used to statistically analyse the relationship between those determinants and total evacuation time. A weak correlation exists between prediction and actual as R value equal to 0.258 while variation in both distances could explain 6.7% variation in total evacuation time. ANOVA test proved dissimilarity between flat and stair distances, and MLR results showed significant correlation for both distances. An increase of 1 m of flat and stair travel distance will increase the total evacuation time by 0.262 and 0.217 seconds respectively when other factors remain constant. There was a significant relationship between travel distances with total evacuation time taken among secondary students.
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