Аbstrасt Introduction This study aims to investigate in‐hоsрitаl mоrtаlity in severe асute resрirаtоry syndrоme соrоnаvirus 2 раtients strаtified by serum ferritin levels. Methods Patients were stratified based on ferritin levels (ferritin levels ≤ 1000 or >1000). Results Approximately 89% (118) of the patients with ferritin levels > 1000 had pneumonia, and 51% (67) had hypertension. Fever (97, 73.5%) and shortness of breath (80, 61%) were two major symptoms among the patients in this group. Logistic regression analysis indicated that ferritin level (odds ratio [OR] = 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.21–0.62; p < .001), male sex (OR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.43–5.06; p = .003), hypertension (OR = 4.16, 95% CI = 2.42–7.36; p < .001) and pneumonia (OR = 8.48, 95% CI = 3.02–35.45; p < .001) had significance in predicting in‐hospital mortality. Additionally, the Cox proportional hazards analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival probability plot showed a higher mortality rate among patients with ferritin levels > 1000. Conclusion In this study, higher levels of serum ferritin were found to be an independent predictor of in‐hоsрitаl mоrtаlity.

Background: Prospective Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) applicants commonly view residency program websites to make informed decisions about where to submit their applications. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review of the availability and accessibility of online content for PM&R residency programs. Objective: To evaluate the comprehensiveness of PM&R residency websites to inform prospective applicants about the information readily available to them and identify deficient areas for program directors to address. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of residency program websites using quantitative and descriptive statistics. Setting: World Wide Web (Internet). Subjects: 87 PM&R civilian residency program websites listed on the Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA). Main Outcome Measurements: The presence or absence of 25 predetermined criteria on residency program websites. Results: The individual residency program websites had a mean AE SD of 12.3 AE 4.3 (49.1%) of the 25 criteria sought. The programs ranged from having as few as one to as many as 19 of the 25 criteria. Twenty programs had 9 or fewer criteria, 35 programs had 10 to 14 criteria, 31 programs had 15 to 18 criteria, and one program had 19 criteria available online. No PM&R residency website had all 25 criteria. There was a significant association between a program's Doximity ranking as top 20 or not and the citation of published research projects by faculty on a PM&R website (P = .026), but the other 24 criteria had no significant associations. Conclusions: Most PM&R residency websites currently do not include comprehensive information about their programs for prospective applicants.

Objective: To evaluate the presence and extent of autonomic dysfunction in HIV infected individuals of one ethnic group. Design: Prospective, age-sex matched study. Methods: 25 patients (seven asymptomatic (HIV), eight AIDS related complex (ARC), 10 AIDS) and 25 controls were recruited from patients and staV at the Aga Khan Hospital, Nairobi. Autonomic function was assessed by measurement of pulse rate variability on standing, rest, deep breathing, Valsalva manoeuvre, isometric exercise, cold face test, and mental stress. Blood pressure was measured during standing, supine resting, and on Valsalva manoeuvre. CD4 count was correlated with number of abnormal test results. Results: 21 patients had at least one abnormal test of autonomic function compared with one control (p<0.0001). There were significant diVerences between AIDS patients and controls for supine heart rate (p<0.001), Valsalva ratio (p=0.05), and cold face test (p=0.05), and almost significant results for mental stress (p=0.051). Evidence of autonomic hypersensitivity was found in response to exercise and/or mental stress in some patients with HIV or ARC. No diVerence was found in blood pressure measurements. Abnormalities in autonomic function occurred at all CD4 counts and all patients with four abnormal tests of heart rate variation had a CD4 count less than 300 ×10 6 /l. Conclusions: There is evidence of substantial autonomic dysfunction in AIDS patients compared with controls and mild abnormalities in the majority of HIV infected patients studied irrespective of CD4 count. Autonomic hypersensitivity may precede loss of function in some cases. (Sex Transm Inf 1999;75:264-267)

Objective:To report on the clinical presentation, etiology, and laboratory features of acute and chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) in a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Materials and Methods:We retrospectively studied records of 720 patients with AF seen in outpatients and inpatients departments at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, during the period of 1 January 2002 to 31 August 2008.Results:Documented acute and chronic AF was present in 157 (21.8%) and 563 (78.1%) patients, respectively. Palpitations, dizziness and syncope were the most frequent symptoms in acute AF, while dyspnea and palpitations were the most common symptoms in the chronic type. Acute respiratory problems and acute myocardial infarction were significantly more common in acute AF, while congestive heart failure and acute respiratory problems (chest infection, bronchial asthma, and pulmonary embolism) were significantly more common in chronic AF. The most common causes of both types of AF were diabetes mellitus (DM) in 68.8%, hypertension (HTN) in 59.3%, chronic lung diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interstitial lung disease) in 31.8%, valvular heart disease in 23.6%, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) in 23.1%. In 9 (1.3%) patients, no cause was detected. The echocardiographic findings of left ventricular hypertrophy, valve lesions, and depressed left ventricular function were significantly more common in chronic AF (P<0.01).ConclusionsNowadays, DM, HTN, and IHD are becoming the most common predisposing factors for AF in the central region of Saudi Arabia and require prevention and control

This study is to estimate in‐hospital mortality in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) patients stratified by hemoglobin (Hb) level. Patients were stratified according to hemoglobin level into two groups, that is, Hb <100 g/L and Hb >100 g/L. A total of 6931 patients were included. Of these, 6377 (92%) patients had hemoglobin levels >100 g/L. The mean age was 44 ± 17 years, and 66% of the patients were males. The median length of overall hospital stay was 13 days [2; 31]. The remaining 554 (8%) patients had a hemoglobin level <100 g/L. Overall mortality was 176 patients (2.54%) but was significantly higher in the group with hemoglobin levels <100 g/L (124, 22.4%) than in the group with hemoglobin levels >100 g/L (52, 0.82%). Risk factors associated with increased mortality were determined by multivariate analysis. The Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis showed hemoglobin as a predictor of mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression coefficients for hemoglobin for the HB ≤ 100 category of hemoglobin were significant, B = 2.79, SE = 0.17, and HR = 16.34, p < 0.001. Multivariate logistic regression showed Hb < 100 g/L had a higher cumulative all‐cause in‐hospital mortality (22.4% vs. 0.8%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.33; 95% [CI]: [0.20–0.55]; p < 0.001). In this study, hemoglobin levels <100 g/L were found to be an independent predictor of in‐hospital mortality.

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This study is done to estimаte in‐hоsрitаl mоrtаlity in раtients with severe асute resрirаtоry syndrоme соrоnаvirus 2 (SАRS‐СоV‐2) strаtified by Vitamin‐D (Vit‐D) levels. Раtients were strаtified ассоrding tо by serum 25‐hydroxy‐vitamin D (25(OH)Vit‐D) levels intо twо grоuрs, that is, 25(OH)Vit‐D less thаn 40 nmol/L аnd 25(OH)Vit‐D greаter thаn 40 nmol/L. А tоtаl оf 231 раtients were inсluded. Оf these, 120 (50.2%) оf the раtients hаd 25(OH)Vit‐D levels greаter thаn 40 nmol/L. The meаn аge wаs 49 ± 17 yeаrs, аnd 67% оf the раtients were mаles. The mediаn length оf оverаll hоsрitаl stаy wаs 18 [6; 53] dаys. The remаining 119 (49.8%) раtients hаd а 25(OH)Vit‐D less thаn 40 nmol/L. Vitamin D levels were seen as deficient in 63% of patients, insufficient in 25% and normal in 12%. Оverаll mоrtаlity wаs 17 раtients (7.1%) but statistically not signifiсаnt among the grоuрs ( p = 0.986). The Kарlаn–Meier survivаl аnаlysis shоwed no significance based on an alpha of 0.05, LL = 0.36, df = 1, p = 0.548, indicating Vitamin_D_Levels was not able to adequately predict the hazard of Mortality. In this study, serum 25(OH)Vit‐D levels were found have no significance in terms of predicting the in‐hоsрitаl mortality in раtients with SАRS‐СоV‐2.

Objectives: To describe the baseline characteristics and evaluate the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients admitted to hospitals with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Kuwait. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective cohort analysed data of patients admitted to two hospitals in Kuwait with COVID-19. The outcome was assessed by using multivariable analysis of factors affecting survival and mortality. Results: In the 962 patients, the case fatality ratio in this study was 9.04%. The mean age of non-survivors was 63.5 ± 14.8 years, and most deaths occurred in males (80.5%). For the whole sample, source of transmission was significantly related to mortality and the median duration of in-hospital stay was 15 (interquartile range: 2–52) days. In patients with high oxygen requirements, the case fatality rate was 96.6%. Multivariable analysis identified age, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and dyspnoea on presentation as independent risk factors for COVID-19 mortality. Conclusions: The mortality rate was higher in older patients with comorbidities such as hypertension and CVD. Early recognition of high-risk patients may help to improve care and reduce mortality.