Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: The Kuwait Experience

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the baseline characteristics and evaluate the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients admitted to hospitals with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Kuwait. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective cohort analysed data of patients admitted to two hospitals in Kuwait with COVID-19. The outcome was assessed by using multivariable analysis of factors affecting survival and mortality. Results: In the 962 patients, the case fatality ratio in this study was 9.04%. The mean age of non-survivors was 63.5 ± 14.8 years, and most deaths occurred in males (80.5%). For the whole sample, source of transmission was significantly related to mortality and the median duration of in-hospital stay was 15 (interquartile range: 2–52) days. In patients with high oxygen requirements, the case fatality rate was 96.6%. Multivariable analysis identified age, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and dyspnoea on presentation as independent risk factors for COVID-19 mortality. Conclusions: The mortality rate was higher in older patients with comorbidities such as hypertension and CVD. Early recognition of high-risk patients may help to improve care and reduce mortality.

In-hospital mortality in SARS-CoV-2 stratified by the use of corticosteroid

“…The prevalence of hypertension, DM, CVD, CLD, and CKD in the corticosteroids group was higher relative to the non-corticosteroids group; these baseline clinical characteristics were reported to be independent risk factors for COVID-19 related mortality in Kuwait. [ 14 ].…”

“…Data were extracted from the electronic medical records of two Kuwaiti tertiary care hospitals: Al Adаn General Hospital and Jaber Al-Ahmed Hospital. [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] ]. For data entry, an electronic case record form (CRF) was employed.…”

A large-scale machine learning study of sociodemographic factors contributing to COVID-19 severity

“…Secondly, they are strongly correlated with a number of medical factors, such as low birth weight, insufficient sleep, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and generally poor health. These medical conditions are well-known COVID-19 risk factors, as extensively discussed in the literature (Ssentongo et al, 2020; Ahmadi et al, 2021; Crispi et al, 2021; Du et al, 2021; Saleh et al, 2022; Zhang et al, 2022). We next focus on sociodemographic factors, whose interpretation may be less evident.…”

In-hospital Mortality Rates in SARS-CoV-2 Patients Treated with Enoxaparin and Heparin

“…Patients who received anticoagulation therapy in this study had higher prevalence rates of hypertension, DM, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease; some of these baseline clinical characteristics were independent predictors of COVID-19-related mortality in the population of Kuwait. 41 This study included all SARS-CoV-2-positive patients regardless of disease severity.…”