BackgroundData on the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with malignancy are immature. In this paper, we assessed the literature involving the use of COVID-19 vaccines in cancer patients and reported the seroconversion rates as the main outcome and severity of COVID-19 infection and side effects following COVID-19 vaccination as the secondary outcomes.MethodsA systematic review with meta-analysis was performed. Searches were conducted in electronic websites, databases, and journals, including Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from January 01, 2019, to November 30, 2021. Studies reporting data on the safety and efficacy of COVID vaccine in cancer patients using any human samples were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the NEWCASTLE-OTTAWA scale in the included studies.ResultsA total of 724 articles were identified from databases, out of which 201 articles were duplicates and were discarded. Subsequently, 454 articles were excluded through initial screening of the titles and abstracts. Moreover, 41 studies did not report the precise seroconversion rate either based on the type of cancer or after injection of a second dose of COVID vaccine. Finally, 28 articles met all the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. The overall seroconversion rates after receiving a second dose of COVID-19 vaccine, based on type of cancer were 88% (95% CI, 81%-92%) and 70% (95% CI, 60%-79%) in patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, respectively.ConclusionOverall, we conclude that vaccination against COVID-19 in patients with active malignancies using activated and inactivated vaccines is a safe and tolerable procedure that is also accompanied by a high efficacy.

Acute morphine administration is known to alter the course of herpes simplex virus infection. In this study, the effect of acute morphine administration on the reactivation of latent herpes was investigated in a mouse model. Because of the important role of cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) reactivation, the effect of acute morphine administration on CTL responses was also evaluated.

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Background: Enterobiasis is a common parasitic disease at all age groups, especially children. It results in perianal itching, insomnia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rarely appendicitis and fallopian tube inflammation in the affected patients. The prevalence of enterobiasis varies in different parts of Iran. However, the status of the enterobiasis prevalence among Sabzevar children remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of enterobiasis among the kindergarten children of Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan province, the northeast of Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical-descriptive study, sampling was carried out on children aged below 7 years using the Scotch-tape technique in the kindergartens of Sabzevar in 2019. The samples were then examined by a light microscope. Finally, the data were recorded in a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software and Fisher exact test. Results: Based on the results, 6 (3.49%) out of 172 collected samples were found to be infected with enterobiasis. There was no significant association between gender and infection. Eventually, no significant relationship was found between the geographical living area and enterobiasis. Conclusions: These findings indicated that the overall prevalence of enterobiasis among Sabzevar kindergarten children was lower than that of many parts of Iran. However, educational programs for parents and kindergarten staff regarding enterobiasis infection and the transmission routes should be conducted to reduce the infection rate.

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