PTEN protein is an important tumour suppressor factor detectable by immunohistochemistry. The goal of the present study was to investigate the prognostic role of PTEN gene expression focusing on length of survival in breast cancer patients. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 100 breast cancer cases referred to Sabzevar hospitals in the north east of Iran between 2010 and 2011, followed up to 2015. The PTEN gene expression of tumour tissue samples was determined using specific monoclonal antibodies. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Patient length of survival was analyzed after 4 years of follow-up using the Cox regression model. The PTEN gene was expressed in 70 of 100 samples, while being found at a high level in all noncancerous samples. There was an inverse significant relationship between expression of PTEN and tumour stage and grade (p<0.001). In addition, expression of PTEN in invasive ductal tumours was less than in non-invasive tumours. There was also an inverse significant relationship between the likelihood of death and PTEN gene expression (p<0.01). These findings indicate that lack of PTEN gene expression can be sign for a worse prognosis and poor survival in breast cancer.
Background/AimsWe aimed to investigate the relation-ships among various mutations of the p53 gene and their protein products, histological characteristics, and disease prognosis of primary colorectal cancer in Isfahan, central Iran.MethodsSixty-one patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the study. Mutations of the p53 gene were detected by single-stranded conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing. The protein stability was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Patients were followed up to 48 months.ResultsTwenty-one point mutations in exons 5 and 6 were detected in the tumor specimens of 14 patients (23%). Of those, 81% and 9.5% were missense and nonsense mutations, respectively. There were also two novel mutations in the intronic region between exons 5 and 6. In 11 mutated specimens, protein stability and protein accumulation were identified. There was a relationship between the type of mutation and protein accumulation in exons 5 and 6 of the p53 gene. The presence of the mutation was associated with an advanced stage of cancer (trend, p<0.009). Patients with mutated p53 genes had significantly lower survival rates than those with wild type p53 genes (p<0.01).ConclusionsMutations in exons 5 and 6 of the p53 gene are common genetic alterations in colorectal adenocarcinoma in central Iran and are associated with a poor prognosis of the disease.
Although few studies have suggested a carcinogenic role for polymorphism of F31I and V57I codons of AURKA gene in invasive ductal carcinoma, contradictory results from different populations mandates regional investigations. We aimed to determine polymorphisms of F31I and V57I codons of AURKA gene and their association with cancer prognosis in patients compared with controls in an eastern population of Iran.A case-control study was conducted on specimens from 100 patients and 100 age- and gender-matched controls. DNA was extracted and the codons F31I and V57I were amplified. The different genotypes were analyzed by PCR-RFLP and electrophoresis.In codon F31I, the frequency of Phe/Ile was 70% and 82% in patients and healthy controls respectively, whereas (Ile/Ile) was 30% in patients and 18% in healthy (P = .047). Analyzing V57I genotypes showed a higher homozygote Val/Val genotype in patients compared with controls (76% vs 68%), whereas the frequency of heterozygous Val/Ile genotype was lower in patients (17%) than controls (30%), yielding a marginal association between breast cancer and Val/Val genotype (P = .048). No association was observed between SNPs of either F31I or V57I genotypes and histological grades. However, there was a significant association between tumor stages and F31I genotype (P for trend = .003).This is the first report of F31I and V57I polymorphisms in AURKA gene in breast cancer in Iran. Determination of allelic polymorphism of those codons will help to understand background genetic predisposition and could have prognostic value in management of breast cancer in the target population.
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