Background Evidence show that the recommended dose of zinc may not be
sufficient for controlling pathological conditions such as type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2DM).
Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on
the oxidative status in overweight T2DM. In addition, the routine glycaemic
parameters were determined and compared in zinc-treated and placebo
groups.
Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial,
70 patients with T2DM were selected. They were divided into two groups for
supplementation of 50 mg zinc gluconate or placebo (zinc group, n=35;
placebo group, n=35) per day for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected from
all the individuals in the zinc group and controls for analysis.
Results The results showed that zinc supplementation to patients with
T2DM for 8 weeks significantly inhibited serum levels of lipid peroxidation
(25%), nitrotyrosine (30%) and total oxidant status levels (25%, p<0.05).
Nevertheless, the total antioxidant capacity was significantly elevated
(16%) following zinc intake by patients with T2DM.
Conclusions These data, together with our previous report, may suggest
that the control in the glycaemic condition in overweight patients with T2DM
is correlated with the antioxidative/oxidative balance following intake of
50 mg zinc supplementation for 8 weeks. Under these circumstances, the
clinical and glycaemic indices, including fasting blood glucose, insulin,
haemoglobin A1c and homeostasis model of assessment–insulin resistance, were
controlled.
Trial registration number
NCT2015083102.
Purpose The aim of the study was to assess whether combined and compound morning training (CCMT) can improve hormonal and metabolic profiles in healthy male students. Methods Eighty-three male students were randomly put into two groups: experimental (n = 42) and control (n = 41). The experimental group participated in the selected (aerobic, balance, resistance and stretch) exercises with moderate intensity for 16 weeks, four sessions per week, a 40 min workout in the morning. Salivary testosterone and cortisol, serum adiponectin, insulin and lipid profile were determined in both groups before and after the intervention. Results Four months of training caused an increase in testosterone (85 ± 9.4 vs. 93 ± 9.7 pg/ml), adiponectin (11.35 ± 2.00 vs. 12.86 ± 1.97 ng/ml) and testosterone/cortisol ratio (0.006 ± 0.003 vs. 0.009 ± 0.004), as well as a reduction in cortisol (16.3 ± 6.15 vs. 12.4 ± 4.85 ng/ml) and insulin resistance (2.15 ± 0.52 vs. 1.79 ± 0.34), for the experimental as compared to their baseline data (P value \0.001). Furthermore, a moderate correlation between testosterone and adiponectin was revealed (r = 0.31, P value = 0.04).Conclusions This new training strategy successfully and meaningfully improved hormonal and metabolic parameters. The research proposed that CCMT can promote anabolic pathways. Favourably, the programme could be considered as a testosterone enhancer and cortisol reducer simultaneously.
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