Purpose: The inflammatory state of adipose tissue in obese subjects may be the most important factor linking increased adipose tissue mass to insulin resistance. Chemerin is a newly discovered adipokine that plays an important role in macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and may contribute to the development of inflammation and insulin resistance. We examined the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic training on serum chemerin levels in association with cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese males. Methods Conclusion:Aerobic training caused an improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors in obese subjects, and this improvement was accompanied by decreased chemerin levels.
Purpose Diabetes mellitus type 2 with damaging effects on reproductive hormones and sperm quality parameters can often cause infertility in men. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of endurance, resistance and concurrent training on reproductive hormones, sperm parameter in the diabetic type 2 male rats. Methods In this experimental study 60 Wistar rats (200 ± 50 g) were randomly assigned into 5 groups: control; diabetic; diabetic endurance training; diabetic resistance training and diabetic concurrent training. For inducing diabetes, after 12 hours of food starvation nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) and STZ (65 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, left epididymis of the rats was examined for studying sperm parameters and blood serum samples were examined for evaluating reproductive hormones. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Turkey's Post Hoc test. Results Ten weeks of endurance and concurrent training induced significant decrease in the blood glucose in comparison to the diabetic group (P < 0.05). In addition, endurance, resistance and concurrent training induced significant increases in serum testosterone and LH levels in the comparison to the diabetic group (P < 0.005). In addition, sperm parameters revealed significant improvements in compared to the diabetic group (P = 0.002). Conclusion Endurance, resistance and combined training might improve sperm parameters, including viability and motility of sperms through increasing the serum testosterone and LH levels in rat model of diabetes mellitus type 2.
Background and aims In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and endurance training (END) on irisin, betatrophin, insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations, and lipid profiles in diabetic rats. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats (weight: 200–250 g) were randomly assigned into four groups as follows: (1) control (Cnt), (2) diabetic (Dibt), (3) diabetic HIIT (Dibt-HIIT), and (4) diabetic END (Dibt-END). For inducing diabetes, after 12 h of food starvation, nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected. The diabetic training groups received 10 weeks of HIIT or END training following the induction of diabetes. Twenty-four hours following the last training session, blood serum samples were collected for evaluating the concentration of irisin, betatrophin, and insulin hormones through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results FBG and lipid profiles were measured by biochemical kits. A significant increase in the serum concentration of irisin (p < 0.05), betatrophin (p < 0.05), and insulin (p < 0.001) and significant decrease in the FBG (P < 0.01) and lipid profiles (p < 0.01) were observed in the Dibt-HIIT group compared to the Dibt-END group. In addition, irisin revealed a significant positive association with betatrophin and insulin values in diabetic training groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions It seems that HIIT leads to a more extensive improvement in diabetic conditions compared to the END training. Therefore, HIIT appears to be an important time-efficient approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
BackgroundPhysical inactivity is the major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of resistance training and endurance training on diabetic-related metabolic parameters in diabetic rats.Materials and methodsTwenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of six rats each: control group (C), diabetic group (D), resistance training group (RES) and endurance training group (END). T2D was induced intraperitoneally using nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg). The training period was 70 days. The irisin, betatrophin, insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profiles were measured in the serum of all rats.ResultsDiabetes significantly increased serum levels of FBG (p < 0.001), which were decreased significantly after the administration of training (p < 0.001). Training administration had a significant effect in normalizing serum lipid profiles (p < 0.001) and it was shown to increase the serum levels of irisin, betatrophin (p < 0.001) and insulin (END: p < 0.001 and resistance training: p < 0.05). It was also found that the endurance training was more effective in improving this parameters when compared with resistance training (p < 0.05). In addition, the irisin revealed a significant positive association with betatrophin (END: p < 0.01 and resistance training: p < 0.05) and insulin (END: p < 0.01 and RES: p < 0.05) values in diabetic groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that endurance training was more effective in diabetic related metabolic derangement compared with resistance training. This effect is probably due to better regulation of irisin, betatrophin and insulin relative to resistance training.
Diabetes negatively affects the reproductive system. This present study investigated the effects of aerobic training on protamine 1 and 2 mRNA expression, sex hormones, antioxidant defence and sperm quality in diabetic rats. Thirty‐six male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups including diabetic training (DT) group, diabetic (D) group and control (C) group. Rats in DT were exercised 5 times per week for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected for evaluation of sex hormones 48 h after the last training session. Also, the testes were removed and subjected to histological evaluation and semen analysis. Testicular mRNA expressions of protamines were determined by RT‐qPCR. Protamines 1 and 2, and the ratio of protamine 1 to protamine 2 were significantly lower in DT and D groups compared with C group (p < 0.01). LH and testosterone levels were significantly lower in D group compared with DT and C group (p < 0.01). Malondialdehyde was significantly lower in DT and C groups compared with D group (p < 0.001). Sperm parameters were significantly lower in D group compared with C group (p < 0.01). Our findings suggest that aerobic training may mitigate the negative impact of diabetes on sex hormones, oxidative stress, protamine content and sperm parameters in male rats.
Aims Resistin is secreted by adipose tissue and could be the link between diabetes and infertility. This study aimed to investigate the alteration of resistin following aerobic exercise training in diabetic rats and its possible interaction with sperm parameters. Methods & Materials In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats (age: 56 days, weight: 200-250g) were randomly divided equally into three groups of healthy control, diabetic control, and diabetic aerobic exercises. Diabetes was induced with a unique intraperitoneal injection (65 mg/kg body weight) of streptozotocin. Seven days after the injection and after 12 hours of fasting, the animals with blood glucose levels of ≥250 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Seven days after the induction of diabetes, the animals in the exercise group were subjected to progressive aerobic training (treadmill running for 1 h, 27 m/min, 5 d/wk). After 10 weeks of exercise, the sperm quality and resistin concentrations were measured. The obtained data were compared using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (P<0.05). Findings The induction of diabetes significantly decreased sperm count (P=0.001), motility (P=0.001), viability (P=0.001), and morphology (P=0.01). The sperm parameters, such as count (P=0.03) and viability (P=0.002) were significantly higher in the diabetic exercise group, compared to the diabetic sedentary group. No significant changes were found in resistin levels between diabetic exercise and diabetic sedentary groups (P=0.40). Conclusion The collected results indicated that the 10-week aerobic training regimen improved sperm quality, independent of changes in resistin levels, in type 2 diabetes mellitus rat models.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 concurrent endurance Introduction: ls and sexual function indices in men over 50 resistance training on serum testosterone leve years of age. experimental study, the statistical sample consisted of -: In this quasi Material and methods /m2, kg ± 1.4 kg and body mass index of 26.4 6.7 29 men with average weight of 81.1± to two control untrained group (N = 12) and training group (N = 17). The randomly divided in resistance) for 12 weeks. -concurrent training group performed concurrent training (endurance Serum testosterone levels, cardiopulmonary endurance (VO2max), muscle strength, and body ompositions were measured before and after training. Data were analyzed using covariance c analysis (ANCOVA) (p < 0.05). Concurrent training in the training group significantly increased serum testosterone Results: roup (p = 0.001). Concurrent training also levels compared to the control untrained g eas of orgasmic performance (p = 0.010) and total score (p increased sexual function in the ar = 0.004) in the concurrent training group compared to the control untrained group. As well as ecreased fat mass (p = 0.046) and the ratio of waist to hip training significantly d circumference (p = 0.024) also significantly increased cardiorespiratory endurance (VO2max) (p = 0.001), mean relative muscle strength (p = 0.001) and lean body mass (p = 0.001) in the roup compared to the control untrained group. training g In general, based on our findings, it seems that training along with increasing Conclusions: serum testosterone levels increases sexual function in the areas of orgasm function and the 0 years. total score in men over 5 oncurrent training, elderly, erectile function c Testosterone,
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