A comparative study of the antidiabetic effect of two training protocols in streptozotocin-nicotinamide diabetic rats

Abstract

BackgroundPhysical inactivity is the major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of resistance training and endurance training on diabetic-related metabolic parameters in diabetic rats.Materials and methodsTwenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of six rats each: control group (C), diabetic group (D), resistance training group (RES) and endurance training group (END). T2D was induced intraperitoneally using nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg). The training period was 70 days. The irisin, betatrophin, insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profiles were measured in the serum of all rats.ResultsDiabetes significantly increased serum levels of FBG (p < 0.001), which were decreased significantly after the administration of training (p < 0.001). Training administration had a significant effect in normalizing serum lipid profiles (p < 0.001) and it was shown to increase the serum levels of irisin, betatrophin (p < 0.001) and insulin (END: p < 0.001 and resistance training: p < 0.05). It was also found that the endurance training was more effective in improving this parameters when compared with resistance training (p < 0.05). In addition, the irisin revealed a significant positive association with betatrophin (END: p < 0.01 and resistance training: p < 0.05) and insulin (END: p < 0.01 and RES: p < 0.05) values in diabetic groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that endurance training was more effective in diabetic related metabolic derangement compared with resistance training. This effect is probably due to better regulation of irisin, betatrophin and insulin relative to resistance training.

The Hormone-like Myokines Irisin as Novel Biomarker for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification”,

“…Additionally, the increase in sensitivity to insulin and oxidation of fatty acids were associated with promoting intracellular signaling systems, such as TLR4/D88, Janus Kinases/signals, and activators of transcription (STAT) pathways [26]. Numerous findings received in pre-clinical and clinical stidies have yeilded evidence for anti-inflammatory effects of irisin, which influence transcriptional regulators that are involved in inflammation, as well as anti-inflammatory protective impact that is in favor of various tissues [27,28]. Angiopoetic effects of the irisin are related to reducing oxidative/nitrative stresses via suppression of the PKC-β/NADPH oxidase and NF-κB/iNOS signaling pathways in vascular smooth muscle cells and progenitor / mature endothelial cells affecting their ability to release secretome [29].…”

Aerobic interval training improves irisin and chemerin levels of both liver and visceral adipose tissues and circulating asprosin in rats with metabolic syndrome

“…More specifically, aerobic continuous training (ACT) has been long established as an effective intervention for prevention and treatment of chronic and metabolic diseases, such as T2D [25,26]. Increased levels of circulating irisin have been reported following ACT protocol in rats with T2D [27], suggesting that training-mediated irisin might stimulate the browning of white adipocytes through anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) pathways [28]. While there is limited literature regarding the effect of exercise on modulation of chemerin and asprosin in humans, a reduction in the asprosin level of liver tissue (LT) was found following ACT in diabetic rats [26].…”