Onychomycosis is a common chronic fungal infection of the nails caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and non-dermatophyte filamentous fungi. A relatively high incidence of resistance and treatment failure of onychomycosis to traditional systemic antifungal agents such as terbinafine and itraconazole has been reported. Voriconazole is a novel broad spectrum systemic antifungal that has shown high efficacy against various types of dermatophytes including Trichophyton and Microsporum species in many in vitro and, recently, in two in vivo studies of resistant dermatophytosis. Ahmad Nofal and Mohamed M. Fawzy belong to the Member of Interactive Dermatology Research Group.
Intralesional immunotherapy by different antigens has shown promising efficacy and safety in the treatment of warts. However, the use of these antigens for the treatment of plane warts has been investigated in two studies only. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of three antigens; Measles Mumps, Rubella vaccine (MMR), Candida antigen, and purified protein derivative (PPD) in the treatment of multiple plane warts. The study included 120 patients who were randomly assigned to three groups, 40 patients in each group. Each agent was injected intralesionally at a dose of 0.1 mL into the largest wart at 2-week intervals until complete clearance or for a maximum of five sessions. Complete clearance of warts was observed in 55% of the PPD group, in 70% of the Candida antigen group, and in 62.5% of the MMR group. No statistically significant difference in the therapeutic response was found between the three groups. Intralesional antigen immunotherapy seems to be a promising well-tolerated and effective therapeutic option for the treatment of multiple plane warts, with relatively higher efficacy of Candida antigen.
Background Intralesional immunotherapy using different types of antigens is considered an effective and safe treatment option for different types of warts. However, there are few studies that illustrate the use of these antigens in the treatment of periungual warts as a distinct type of warts. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of three antigens: measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine, Candida antigen, and purified protein derivative (PPD) in the treatment of periungual warts. Methods The study included 150 patients who were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 50 patients in each. Each agent was injected intralesionally at a dose of 0.1 mL into the largest wart at 2-week intervals until complete clearance or for a maximum of 5 sessions. Results Complete clearance of warts was observed in 70%, 80%, and 74% in PPD, Candida antigen, and MMR vaccine groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference regarding the therapeutic response between the 3 studied groups. Adverse effects were transient and insignificant in the 3 groups. No recurrence of the lesions was reported in any of the studied groups. Conclusions Intralesional antigen immunotherapy seems to be an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of periungual warts.
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