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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a toxic compound commonly found as a contaminant in human food. It is carcinogenic due its potential in inducing the oxidative stress and distortion of the most antioxidant enzymes. Since black tea possesses strong antioxidant activity, it protects cells and tissues against oxidative stress. Curcumin (CMN), a naturally occurring agent, has a combination of biological and pharmacological properties that include antioxidant activity. Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the possible role of separate and mixed supplementation of black tea extract and CMN in the hepatotoxicity induced by AFB1 in rats. A total of 48: adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into eight groups with six rats in each group. Group 1 (normal control) includes rats that received no treatment. Groups 2, 3, and 4 (positive control) include rats that received olive oil, black tea extract, and CMN, respectively. Group 5 includes rats that received AFB1 at a dose of 750 μg/kg body weight (b.w.) dissolved in olive oil. Groups 6, 7, and 8 include rats that received AFB1 along with 2% black tea extract, CMN at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w., and both black tea extract and CMN at the same previous doses, respectively. After 90 days, biochemical and histopathological examination was carried out for the blood samples and liver tissues. A significant decrease in the antioxidant enzymes and a significant increase in the lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide in the rats treated with AFB1 were observed. Moreover, there were dramatic changes in the liver function biomarkers, lipid profile, and liver architecture. Supplementation of black tea extract or CMN showed an efficient role in repairing the distortion of the biochemical and histological changes induced by AFB1 in liver. This improvement was more pronounced when both CMN and black tea were used together.

T he chemical composition of flesh and carapace of the freshwater crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) was determined. The relationship between body weight, total length, yield of meat and carapace was established.Average chemical composition of the flesh of male was determined to be 7% moisture, 3.1% fat, 10-2% ash, 17.5% carbohydrate, 62.2% protein, calcium 2843 mg/lOOg, phosphorus 343.6 mg/lOOg; iron 11.7mg/100g, zinc 15.1mg/100g, Selenium 0.9 mg/ loog. The present study reveals that the higher protein content in muscle of males may be due to its faster growth rate than females. Moreover, it was indicated that the present investigated crayfish contains more phosphorus than fish and the carapace contains a higher values of iron, fat and carbohydrate than muscles.Thus, it is safely to conclude that the flesh of P. clarkii is recommended to stand as a source of animal protein for Egyptian citizens and its carapace can be used as a forage for animals, 20 Mohamed H. Mona et al

BackgroundFEAT is an intracellular protein that potently drives tumorigenesis in vivo. It is only weakly expressed in normal human tissues, including the testis. In contrast, FEAT is aberrantly upregulated in most human cancers. The present study was designed to investigate whether FEAT is applicable to tumor immunotherapy and whether FEAT is discernible in the bloodstream as a molecular biomarker of human cancers.MethodsTwo mouse FEAT peptides with predicted affinities for major histocompatibility complex H-2Kb and H-2Db were injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice before subcutaneous transplantation of isogenic B16-F10 melanoma cells. Intracellular localization of FEAT was determined by immunogold electron microscopy. Immunoprecipitation was performed to determine whether FEAT was present in blood from cancer patients. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure FEAT concentrations in plasma from 30 cancer patients and eight healthy volunteers.ResultsThe vaccination experiments demonstrated that FEAT was immunogenic, and that immune responses against FEAT were induced without deleterious side effects in mice. Electron microscopy revealed localization of FEAT in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. Immunoprecipitation identified FEAT in the blood plasma from cancer patients, while FEAT was not detected in plasma exosomes. Plasma FEAT levels were significantly higher in the presence of cancers.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that FEAT is a candidate for applications in early diagnosis and prevention of some cancers.

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The taxonomy of the intertidal pilumnid crabEurycarcinusA. Milne-Edwards, 1867 is reviewed in the present work. Characters that defineEurycarcinusand distinguish it from the allied generaHeteropanopeStimpson, 1858,PilumnopeusA. Milne-Edwards, 1867, andBenthopanopeDavie, 1989 are discussed.Eurycarcinuscan be distinguished from these genera by the smooth features of the carapace, shape and form of the male pleon, and structure of the male thoracic sternum, notably the shapes of sternites 1-4 and whether sternite 8 is exposed when the pleon is closed. Of the four species ofEurycarcinus,E. bengalensisDeb, 1999, is here assigned toHeteropanope. Furthermore,Eurycarcinusspecies are known for certain only from the western Indian Ocean.