Evaluation of cytotoxic effects of atrazine and glyphosate herbicides on Biomphalaria glabrata snails

Toxicological and Biochemical Investigation of certain Herbicides on Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes under Laboratory Conditions

“…Various herbicides (i.e., glyphosate, atrazine) have been found as xenobiotic materials in the mosquitoes breed sites induced particular metabolic enzymes such as Cyps, esterases, and GSTs [28]. The genotoxicant effects of glyphosate on aquatic snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, have been detected by using SDS-PAGE protein profiles assay; and the results demonstrated that the negative effect of glyphosate on the DNA and proteins of the snail were showed on appear and/or absent some bands [19].…”

“…Many herbicides such as glyphosate, bromoxinal, atrazine and some ACCase and ALS-inhibitors are persistent as residues in several surface water sources of the aquatic ecosystem and in some cases the herbicide residues were detected in hazardous levels [16][17]. Adversely impacts of some herbicides such as glyphosate, certain ALS-and ACCase-inhibitors have been confirmed on different insects and on some various aquatic animals (i.e., fish, snail, amphibian and arthropods) and these compounds can affect the survival, behavior, physiology, reproductive, fecundity and development of the former organisms [14,[18][19][20]. Samosoe (1995) [20] found that bromxoynil, haloxyfop, and pyridate exhibited toxicity on Aleochara bilineata and reduced its survival, egg production, and hatching.…”

“…Negatively, persistence of some herbicides (e.g., glyphosate) on mosquitoes aquatic breeding sites led to increase the mosquitoes resistance to various types of pesticides and that action have been occurred through inductions of some detoxification enzymes in these pests which involved in the metabolism and degradation of these pesticides [27][28]. In this interim, some genetics methods such as isozyme analysis and sodium dodecyl sulphate-total protein (SDS-total protein) have been utilized as a bio-indicator assay for the changes occurred in the molecular basis in organisms (i.e., insects and snails) exposed to different types of xenobiotic and the environmental stress such as accumulation of pollutants [19,29].…”

Synergistic action of glyphosate on novel pesticides against Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes under laboratory conditions

“…On the other side, glyphosate and its mimics inhibit the specific enzyme, 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), which prohibit the biosynthesizing of three aromatic amino acids (tyrosine, tryptophane, and phenylalanine) which are vital for the processing of plant growth (Ibrahim, 2015;Ibrahim, 2016a;Ibrahim, 2016b). However, negatively toxicological impacts of certain herbicides such as glyphosate, certain ALS-, and ACCase-inhibitors have been confirmed on different insects aquatic animals and these herbicides can affect the survival, ecology, behavior, physiology, reproductive, fecundity, and development of these organisms (Mona et al, 2013;Mohamed et al, 2016;Jaramillo et al, 2017;Kittle et al, 2018;Saba et al, 2018). Further, Recent studies were conducted to illustrate the dexterous effect of some herbicides on immature and adult stages of different mosquito species in the world.…”

Atrazine Genotoxicity on Human Placental Cells

“…Atrazine, a herbicide used to control weeds in cultivation (Oh et al 1 ), is classified as moderately toxic herbicide by US environmental protection agency (USEPA 2 ).In Egypt; its utilization was increased since 2000 (Mona et al, 3 ).…”