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La présente étude porte sur la recherche de l'activité allélopathique de l'extrait aqueux obtenu par reflux de Pergularia tomentosa Ait. (Asclepiadaceae) récoltée dans le Sahara septentrional Est algérien, via l'examen de ses effets sur la germination des graines d'orge Hordeum vulgare L. L'étude réalisée permet de mettre en évidence l'effet inhibiteur sur la germination des graines d'orge traitées. Les extraits aqueux purs et dilués à 50% présentent une capacité inhibitrice exceptionnelle de l'ordre de 100%. Elle est moindre pour les concentrations à dosage assez faible. Pour des concentrations ≤ 20%, l'extrait racinaire de cette plante semble plus phytotoxique que l'extrait foliaire. En outre, des anomalies de croissance sont observées au niveau des lots traités.

We present here a preliminary list of ant fauna of some study sites in the northeastern Sahara of Algeria using two methodologies, quadrat and pitfall traps (Barber-pots) methods. This work was conducted in wild and agricultural ecosystems in the basin of Ouargla, El-Oued region and Djamaa region. We record a total of 26 species of 12 genera belonging to three subfamilies Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, and Myrmicinae. Species of the Myrmicinae and Formicinae were the most abundant with 62.96% and 29.63% respectively. The most diverse genus was Monomorium Mayr, 1855 (6 species), followed by Messor Forel, 1890 (5). The highest diversity of ants was in Djamaa region (24 species), followed by Ouargla (18) and El-Oued (13). Moreover, this work shows the first record of the species Strumigenys membranifera Emery, 1869 for the Country. Finally, we observed a variation in the distribution of ant species between study sites, for why, ecological determinants such as soil need to be studied deeply to explain their influence on the repartition and richness of the Saharan myrmycofauna of Algeria.

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The anti-inflammatory and antihyperglycemic effects of polysaccharides extracted from Alhagi maurorum Medik. seeds, spontaneous shrub collected in Southern of Algerian Sahara were investigated. Their water extraction followed by alcoholic precipitation was conducted to obtain two water-soluble polysaccharides extracts (WSPAM1 and WSPAM2). They were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, 1H/13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Size Exclusion Chromatography coupled with Multi-Angle Light Scattering. The capacity of those fractions to inhibit α-amylase activity and thermally induced Bovine Serum Albumin denaturation were also investigated. WSPAM1 and WSPAM2 were galactomannans with a mannose/galactose ratio of 2.2 and 2.4, respectively. The SEC-MALLS analysis revealed that WSPAM1 had a molecular weight of 1.4 × 106 Da. The investigations highlighted antinflammatory and antihyperglycemic effects in a dose-dependant manner of WSPAM1 and WSPAM2.

This study aims to demonstrate the therapeutic advantage of traditional date vinegar. We carried out an ethno-pharmacological survey on the therapeutic use of date vinegar by the population of Ghardaïa. After we verified the quality of two vinegars made from Deglet-Nour and Temjouhart date varieties, we tested their antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. These microorganisms are involved in skin infections treated with date vinegar. The ethno-pharmacological survey showed that the traditional date vinegar is used in the treatment of 30 afflictions. The treatment seems to be effective (75% of only positive effects compared to 14% of positive and also adverse effects). The antimicrobial activity was present, in spite of the weak concentration of acetic acid in the tested vinegars. The highest antimicrobial effect was observed on S. aureus. The inhibition diameter of this microorganism was 49 mm in Deglet-Nour vinegar and 33 mm in Temjouhart vinegar. In conclusion, date vinegar is used by the population of Ghardaïa to treat various illnesses and it was proven that it is effective in the treatment of skin infections caused by microorganisms mentioned previously.