A study was conducted to observe the effect of separating chicks from broody hens after hatching, and supplementary feeding, on the performance of broody hens and chicks. Eighteen broody hens incubated 360 eggs of native hens. Broody hens and chicks were divided into three treatment groups; in T 1 , chicks were not separated, and chicks scavenged with mothers; in T 2 , chicks were separated at five days and fed ad libitum; and in T 3 , chicks were separated at 10 days and fed ad libitum. Hens in T 2 and T 3 received 50g feed/hen/day. The interval between end of incubation and first lay was shorter in T 2 (36.3 days) and T 3 (41.7) than in T 1 (55.2). Clutch length was shortest in T 1 (12.7 days), medium in T 3 (15.0) and longest in T 2 (17.0). There were more eggs/clutch in T 2 (14.7) and T 3 (14.3) than in T 1 (11.5). There were no differences in broody hen's body weight between treatment groups. Mortality of chicks was highest in T 2 (39.6%), medium in T 3 (33.9), and lowest in T 1 (21.0). Body weight of chicks was highest in T 2 , medium in T 3 and lowest in T 1 , except at 1 st week of age. It is suggested that separation of chicks and supplementary feeding was beneficial in terms of interval between end of incubation and first lay, clutch length, number of eggs per clutch and body weight of chicks. (Bangl.
The digit of the donkey as a draught animal is commonly susceptible to much affection. The purpose of the present study was to provide a detailed anatomic reference of radiographic and computed tomographic images in conjunction with cross and sagittal sections of the normal fetlock, pastern and coffin joints of the donkey for anatomists, surgeons and veterinary students. Eight adult donkeys of both sexes free from any joints affection were used in our study. The digit of two donkeys had undergone radiographic and computed tomographic scanning; the other donkey's specimens were used to anatomical dissection and sectional anatomy. In the computed tomography (CT) of the fetlock joint all bone structures of the joint appeared also the soft tissue structures that could be identified and evaluated on the different soft tissue window planes included the common digital extensor tendon, lateral digital extensor tendon, superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT), straight, oblique, and cruciate distal sesamoidean and intersesamoidean ligaments. For the pastern joint the structures that can be identified including the proximal phalanx, DDFT and digital cushion. In the coffin joint the collateral sesamoidean ligament (CSL) is difficult to identify on CT images.
Egg production has a great economic importance. Table egg have a high nutritive value and fertile egg is the backbone of the poultry industry. The ovary has the main role in egg production. Although vertebrates including the chicken display a superficial bilateral symmetry, most of the internal organs including the ovaries develop and locate with a consistent asymmetry. In the chicken only the left ovary and left oviduct are fully developed. Hence, lacking the scientific papers that concerned with this aspect of the developmental biology, our study will under taken to elucidate the post hatching development of the left ovary of 30 post hatched female chicks at various stages of development (10 chicks aged one day, 10 chicks aged one week, 10 chicks aged one month). The left ovaries examined anatomically, histologically and ultra-structurally. The left ovary of all ages' female chicks located ventromedial to the anterior lobe of the left kidney showing variable shapes and sizes in different ages. The left ovary histologically exhibited a thick cortex and narrow medulla. The left ovarian cortex of the one day old chicks and the one week old chicks harboring a germ cells which presented as a solitary cells or in cell clusters. However, the left ovarian cortex of the one-month-old chicks contained variable size ovarian follicles surrounded by the theca layers.
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