ABSTRACT(Cultivation of food species in urban gardens in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil). Home gardens are urban spaces that guarantee human interaction with elements from the natural word, and the cultivation of food plants in these gardens can be important in complementing the diet of city residents. Th e goal of this work was to make an assessment of the eatable food plants grown in home gardens in the city of Rio Branco. In 2009 and 2010, on-site interviews were carried out using a questionnaire, which recorded the plant species of each kind of food, area of the gardens and the socioeconomic factors, for 132 gardens in Rio Branco. Th e neighborhoods selected for this study, Aeroporto Velho, Novo Horizonte and Placas, were located in the outskirts of the city. Seventy-seven food plants were recorded, which belong to 34 plant families. Of these, Solanaceae (12.6%) and Myrtaceae (11.3%) with 62.0% of the kinds of fruits and 38.0% of the vegetables. Of the total number of plants recorded, 82.3% were exotic, 34.1% were medicinal and 18.9% were ornamental. No signifi cant statistical association was detected between species and socioeconomic factors. Nonparametric analysis of variance indicated signifi cant diff erences between neighborhoods, showing that Placas had a higher quantity of species. Th e quantity of species correlated positively in the home gardens. Food plants cultivated in Rio Branco gardens conserve agrobiodiversity and aid in the health and well-being of the residents by improving the landscape, ambience and leisure space of the city.
The concepts of 'ecosystem services' (ES) and 'nature's contributions to people' (NCP) inform environmental frameworks that set out to include Indigenous and Local Knowledge systems (ILK) and worldviews in policy and planning processes. These frameworks aim to enhance biodiversity conservation and human well-being in a legitimate and effective way. In this article, we explore how the concept of People's Contributions to Nature (PCN) is complementary to NCP. We use it to investigate challenges that planners and locals face in realizing the legitimate inclusion of diverse knowledges and worldviwes that account for people and ecosystems in a relational way. We introduce a case study where planners drew on ES and NCP and used participatory methods to implement a REDD+ policy in the Kaxinawá Nova Olinda Indigenous Land (Acre-Brazil). We find that both Kaxinawás and planners emphasize both NCP and PCN in their discourses. Nevertheless, differences between knowledge systems and disciplines, uneven power relations between Kaxinawás and planners, and an underconsideration of PCN by global frameworks challenge the legitimate inclusion of the Kaxinawá knowlege and worldviews to craft assessment and planning. We conclude that by explicitly addressing these challenges, science-policy interfaces can further advance knowledge legitimacy and policy effectiveness.
Plantas medicinais em quintais urbanos de Rio Branco, Acre SIVIERO, A.*; DELUNARDO, T.A.; HAVERROTH, M.; OLIVEIRA, L.C.; MENDONÇA, A.M.S. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa e Agropecuária -Embrapa Acre, Rodovia BR 364, km 14, RESUMO: Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar levantamento das espécies vegetais de uso medicinal cultivadas em quintais urbanos da cidade de Rio Branco. Foram realizadas entrevistas presenciais com aplicação de questionário especifico registrando as espécies vegetais de uso medicinal e dados sócio-econômicos dos moradores em 132 quintais urbanos de Rio Branco entre 2009 e 2010. Os bairros selecionados para o estudo foram: Aeroporto Velho, Placas, e Novo Horizonte, todos situados na periferia do município. Foram detectadas 83 espécies vegetais de uso medicinal pertencente a 50 famílias botânicas com destaque para Lamiaceae (12,0%) e Asteraceae (6,0%), sendo 66,2% exóticas, e 28,9% e 16,8%, associadas ao uso alimentar e ornamental, respectivamente. A decocção das folhas visando à obtenção do chá foi o principal modo de preparo das plantas. A análise de regressão logística entre a riqueza de espécies e diversos fatores socioeconômicos dos entrevistados mostrou que a probabilidade de ocorrência de espécies é três vezes maior em quintais manejados por moradores com idade superior a 50 anos de idade. A análise de correlação não paramétrica de fatores quantitativos mostrou que a variável tempo de moradia está mais correlacionada com a riqueza de plantas medicinais do que a variável idade. O cultivo das plantas medicinais em quintais urbanos de Rio Branco auxilia no combate a doenças e promove a conservação ex situ da agrobiodiversidade agroflorestal, bem estar aos moradores pela melhoria da paisagem, ambiência microclimática e espaço de lazer. Palavras-chave: diversidade vegetal, fitoterapia, Amazônia, agricultura urbanaABSTRACT: Medicinal plants in urban backyards in Rio Branco, Acre. This study aimed to survey the medicinal plant species grown in urban backyards in the city of Rio Branco. Personal interviews were conducted by applying a specific questionnaire recording the plant species of medicinal use and the socioeconomic data of residents in 132 urban backyards in Rio Branco between 2009 and 2010. The districts selected for the study were "Aeroporto Velho", "Placas" and "Novo Horizonte", all situated on the outskirts of the city. We detected 83 medicinal plant species belonging to 50 botanical families, especially Lamiaceae (12.0%) and Asteraceae (6.0%), of which 66.2% are exotic, and 28.9% and 16.8% are associated with food and ornamental use, respectively. Decoction of the leaves in order to obtain tea was the main mode of preparation of these plants. Logistic regression analysis between species richness and various socioeconomic factors of the interviewees showed that the probability of occurrence of species is threefold higher in backyards managed by residents older than 50 years. Nonparametric correlation analysis of quantitative factors showed that the variable time of residence is mo...
Resumo:As plantas ornamentais são importantes na cultura e no bem estar dos moradores das cidades na Amazônia. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as espécies vegetais de uso ornamental em quintais urbanos de Rio Branco, Acre, e a relação com aspectos sociais. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, abrangendo 132 quintais urbanos, entre 2009 e 2011. Os bairros selecionados para este estudo foram Aeroporto Velho, Placas e Conjunto Novo Horizonte, situados na periferia do município. Foram catalogadas 140 espécies ornamentais, pertencentes a 49 famílias botânicas, com destaque para Euphorbiaceae (7%), Arecaceae (6,4%) e Araceae (5%). Entre as espécies ornamentais registradas, 57,5% são exóticas, 16% apresentam uso medicinal e 44% são herbáceas. A análise de regressão dos dados entre a diversidade de espécies, a área e os parâmetros sociais dos entrevistados não mostrou significância. O cultivo de plantas ornamentais em quintais urbanos de Rio Branco auxilia na ambiência da residência e melhoria da paisagem, gera bem estar aos moradores pelo espaço de lazer e contribui para a conservação de recursos genéticos.Palavras-chave: Plantas ornamentais. Quintais urbanos. Amazônia. Etnobotânica. Abstract:Ornamental plants are important in the culture and welfare of city dwellers in the Amazon. This study aimed to perform a characterization of species of ornamental use in urban backyards of Rio Branco and relation with social aspects of the respondents. Semi-structured interviews featuring ornamental species along with analysis of social aspects of urban respondents of the 132 backyards in Rio Branco, Acre, Amazon between 2009 and 2011. Selected for this study were neighborhoods Aeroporto Velho, Placas and Novo Horizonte, located on the periphery of the municipality. Were detected 140 ornamental species belonging to 49 different botanical families, especially Euphorbiaceae (7%), Arecaceae (6.4%) and Araceae (5%). Ornamental species recorded, 57.5% are exotic, 16% have medicinal use and 44% herbaceous. Regression analysis of data across the diversity of species, area and social parameters of the respondents was not significant. The cultivation of ornamental plants in urban backyards Rio Branco assists in the ambience of the residence, landscape improvement, generates welfare for residents at leisure space beyond the conservation of genetic resources.
Os Kaingang habitam a região sul do Brasil, desde o estado de São Paulo até o Rio Grande do Sul, distribuídos atualmente em vinte e seis Áreas Indígenas, sendo duas em São Paulo, onze no Paraná e quatro em Santa Catarina. A língua Kaingang pertence a família linguística Jê, tronco Macro Jê, sendo que se distinguem cinco dialetos de acordo com a variação regional 1. Na bibliografia geral que trata dos Kaingang, desde as primeiras informações surgidas sobre essa população até muito recentemente, há uma série de contradições, informações confusas e parciais no que se refere a sua organização social e, mais especificamente, às categorias em que eles se dividem. Entretanto, é consenso entre os pesquisadores que atualmente se dedicam ao estudo dos Kaingang a existência das duas "metades clânicas"2 ou metades exogâmicas e patrilineares kamé e kanhru->. Quanto as demais categorias, não entraremos em detalhes^. Estas duas categorias principais estão associadas à origem
Euterpe precatoria, popularly known as "açaí-doamazonas", has agronomic, technological and economic potential and has been gaining prominence with the commercialization of its fruits. The production of this açaí-do-amazonas is based on extractivism and management practices have been recommended for sustainable collection. To recommend sustainable rates of fruit collection, it is essential to have information on the genetic variability of natural populations to monitor the recruitment and population dynamics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the transferability of microsatellite loci of E. edulis species to E. precatoria to confirm the applicability of these markers in genetic studies. Eighteen microsatellite loci developed for E. edulis were analyzed using 20 individuals from two natural populations (Formoso and Novo Segredo) of E. precatoria collected at Feijó, State of Acre, Brazil. All loci (100%) were amplified, and of these, nine (50%) were polymorphic. A total of 29 alleles were Genetics and Molecular Research 16 (4): gmr16039825 found in the Novo Segredo population, and 27 alleles were found in the Formoso population, ranging from two to five alleles per locus, with a mean of three alleles per locus. The expected heterozygosity in the Formoso population varied from 0.100 to 0.668, with an average of 0.421. In the Novo Segredo population, a variation between 0.100 and 0.710, with a mean of 0.418, was found. The observed heterozygosity values ranged from 0.100 to 0.800, with averages of 0.333 and 0.267 for Formoso and Novo Segredo, respectively. This set of markers will support further studies on the molecular characterization of the natural populations of E. precatoria and assist with the recommendation of sustainable management practices and strategies for the conservation and genetic improvement of this species.
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