AbstrakKonsumsi serat dapat berdampak positif terhadap kesehatan, salah satunya dapat menurunkan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) melalui penurunan berat badan. IMT yang tinggi yaitu >23,0 kg/ m 2 menunjukkan status gizi berada pada kondisi gizi lebih. Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) dengan kondisi gizi lebih dapat memberikan dampak pada siklus reproduksi wanita seperti infertilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan serat dengan IMT pada WUS suku Madura di Kecamatan Kedungkandang Kota Malang. Penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional dilaksanakan pada sampel WUS usia 18-44 tahun suku Madura di Kecamatan Kedungkandang Kota Malang, selama Februari-Juni 2014. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling hingga diperoleh sejumlah 91 responden. Pengukuran tinggi badan dan berat badan dilakukan untuk memperoleh data IMT, sedangkan data asupan serat diperoleh dengan metode weighed food record pada satu hari biasa dan satu hari akhir pekan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata asupan serat sebesar 7,16±3,13 g/ hari. Proporsi status gizi responden yaitu 6,6% gizi kurang, 28,6% normal, 30,8% overweight, dan 31,4% obesitas. Berdasarkan uji korelasi Pearson, diperoleh hubungan positif yang sangat lemah dan tidak signifikan antara asupan serat total dengan nilai IMT (p= 0,255 dan r= 0,121). Kata kunci: asupan serat, indeks massa tubuh, wanita usia subur, suku Madura Abstract Dietary fiber intake can have a positive impact on health, one of which can reduce Body Mass
BACKGROUND: Foods consumed with fiber sources will be different from foods not consumed with fiber sources because fiber has a mechanism to lower blood sugar levels. However, the difference or the correlation factor is not yet known. AIM: This study aims to determine the differences in changes in blood sugar levels in the fruit or vegetable intervention and to determine the correction factor for changes in blood sugar levels and the glycemic index (GI) of food. METHODS: The research design used was experimental with a pre-post design; the sampling technique used purposive sampling totaling 13 people divided into two groups, namely, the fruit and vegetable group. The sample was selected under normal circumstances and had no history of diabetes mellitus. Blood sugar levels taken were fasting blood sugar levels at 0’, 30’, 60’, 90’, and 120’ after the intervention to see a graph of changes in blood sugar levels. The statistical analysis used is ANOVA/Kruskal–Wallis. RESULTS: The results showed a significant difference (p < 0.005) in comparing standard bread with bread and avocado and bread and beans at 30’ after the intervention. After the intervention, bread with watermelon showed significant results at 120’ and bread with carrots at 90’. The highest GI and the lowest correction factor for changes in blood sugar levels were shown in watermelon. In contrast, the lowest GI and the highest correction factor were shown in avocado. CONCLUSION: When compared between the four interventions, giving avocados were more able to lower blood sugar levels.
Obesity has been identified as a cause of various diseases. The main solution in dealing with this metabolic syndrome is a healthy lifestyle, with intake of fibrous and herbal extracts. Various studies have shown that gut microbiota involved in many metabolic syndromes. This study aims to determine the effect of brown rice and herbal extracts (Cuminum cyminum and Alpinia galanga) on the physiological profile of rat gut microbiota. The research was done by measuring changes in the physiological profile of the gut microbiota, analyzing metagenome of gut microbiota using Next Generation Sequencing technology, and also observing changes in blood glucose and cholesterol levels for three weeks in normal condition. Changes in the physiological level of significant microbiota were used as reference points at the later stage. The average blood glucose level of rats in the all treatment groups was decreased except for the group treated with the mixture of brown rice and Alpinia galanga. The rats fed with combination of brown rice and herbal extracts showed the highest Average Well Color Development (AWCD) index. Moreover, this treatment group had also the highest degradation activity in almost all types of substrates as observation proceeds. These results suggest that the combination of brown rice with bioactive compounds contained in those extracts provides a healthy gut microbiome. In conclusion, our results showed that the differences in type of food intake can affect the physiological conditions of the hosts' body and metabolic parameters of rat intestinal microbiota.
Perubahan pola konsumsi menyebabkan masyarakat cenderung mengonsumsi makanan yang mengandung lemak dan kolesterol tinggi. Secara terus-menerus hal tersebut akan mengakibatkan terjadinya hiperkolesterolemia. Menurut WHO tahun 2011 diperkirakan sekitar 35% penduduk Indonesia memiliki kadar kolesterol lebih tinggi dari batas normal, artinya sepertiga dari penduduk Indonesia beresiko tinggi mengalami hiperkolesterolemia. Selain itu, kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai pengaturan diet menjadi dampak buruk sebagai resiko terjadinya berbagai penyakit degeneratif. Salah satu upaya untuk menanggulangi hal tersebut yaitu konseling gizi mengenai diet rendah kolesterol dan tinggi serat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konseling diet rendah kolesterol dan tinggi serat terhadap pengetahuan dan kadar kolesterol total pada penderita hiperkolesterolemia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2019 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pasirkaliki menggunakan desain penelitian quasi eksperimental dengan one group pretest posttest design. Sampel dipilih secara purposive sampling dan didapat sebanyak 12 orang. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji paired sample t-test dan wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh konseling diet rendah kolesterol dan tinggi serat terhadap pengetahuan (p=0,002) dan penurunan kadar kolesterol total (p=0,000). Disarankan agar penderita hiperkolesterolemia tetap mengaplikasikan diet rendah kolesterol dan tinggi serat sebagai upaya dalam mengontrol peningkatan kadar kolesterol darah total.
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