This research aims to analyze the population of EPNs isolate of Semarang cultivated in liquid media containing cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) and mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) powder. Each treatment combination (doses of powder 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 g) was replicated five times. Each investing 1000 infective juveniles at the first breeding. The EPNs population was calculated every week for 4 weeks. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test. The results showed EPNs isolate Semarang be able to reproduce in the liquid media with cricket and mealworm powder. The difference between insects had no significant effect on the EPNs population, but the dose of powder influenced significantly (α <0.05). The EPNs population on 2nd week showed no difference between control media, 0.5 g, and 1.0 g media, while doses of 1.5 and 2 g are significant. This study concluded that cricket and mealworm powder are effective as EPNs culture media replacing the in vivo method. The optimum doses in this study were 0.5 g insect powder, and harvesting is suggested to be conducted during the second week. This result can be an alternative to the mass cultivation of EPNs to the development of local bioinsecticides.
Many researchers confirmed that entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema can be cultivated in vitro using artificial media that containing animal nutrition. However, artificial media with insect component hasn't been widely studied. This research aims to analyze the population of EPNs isolate of Semarang cultivated in mealworm powder media. Five doses of mealworm powder (Tenebrio molitor) were tested in this research, i.e: 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 g. Culture media using 1 g of mealworm larvae was used as control. The best treatment was further tested for its pathogenicity on Macrotermes sp. at seven levels of invective juveniles (IJs) : 0; 50; 100; 150; 200; 250; 300 IJs/mL. Each treatment was repeated five times. The EPNs population and termites mortality were analyzed using ANAVA, whereas pathogenic value was calculated using Probit analysis. The result showed EPNs population were significantly (LSD test; α> 0.05), likewise on termites mortality. The EPNs isolate of Semarang optimally at 0.5 g mealworm powder and pathogenicity against termites based on LD 50 and LD 90 values at 220 JI/mL and 410 JI/mL doses, respectively. In conclusion, this result can be an alternative to mass cultivation of EPNs, in effort of development of local bioinsecticides. The findings of this study also inform farmers that EPNs can be easily cultivated using the simple and available materials.
The world of education today is closely related to the development of scientific and technological advances. Google Classroom is a useful platform to help the online learning process, especially in learning English. This study aims to determine students’ perceptions of using Google Classroom as a learning medium in writing class. This study used a quantitative descriptive research design. The research subjects were all tenth-grade students in one of the senior high schools in Wates, Central Java, Indonesia. The population of the study consisted of 385 students, but the researchers took a sample of 30% of the total from all tenth-grade students. The researcher used a questionnaire and interview as a data collection method. The researcher analyzed the data statistically by calculating the percentage of students’ answers using Microsoft Excel. This study finds that students have a positive perception of using Google Classroom in writing class. Moreover, it can be concluded that Google Classroom has a good influence in supporting learning for English Foreign Language students.
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