Electro‐optic (E‐O) materials are essential to modern information society, especially for optical switches, modulators, and filters in optical communication. In this paper, ultrahigh transparent (1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐xPbTiO3 (PMN‐PT) relaxor ferroelectric ceramics are fabricated. The effect of Sm‐doping content (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mol%) on PMN‐PT transparent ceramics is systematically investigated on the optical transparency, electro‐optic coefficient, extinction ratio, and half‐wave voltage. Results indicate that 0.5 mol% Sm‐doped PMN‐PT ceramic shows the optimal comprehensive performance, including high transparency of 69.6%, large quadratic E‐O coefficient of 35 × 10–16 m2 V−2, decent extinction ratio of 32 dB, and low half‐wave voltage (113 V at d = L = 1 mm). An electro‐optic modulator is designed based on the PMN‐PT transparent ceramics and its application in optical communication is realized, such as rapid information modulation, analog signal (audio frequency), and digital signal (graphic patterns) transmission. These results indicate that Sm‐doped PMN–xPT transparent ceramics are promising candidates for E‐O modulation applications.
Mechanical
energy can be directly transformed into chemical energy
by piezoelectric materials, namely, piezocatalysis, which is a potential
tactic for renewable clean energy collection and environmental purification.
The piezocatalytic efficiency strongly relies on the piezoelectric
property and free charge concentration of piezocatalysts. Here, four
samarium-doped (1 – x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 nanostructures
were designed to investigate the correlation between the piezoelectric
property and piezocatalytic performance. The diverse dye degradation
efficiencies confirmed the high piezoelectric coefficient toward high
catalytic activity. The degradation efficiency for acid orange 7 (AO7)
was 100% within 20 min, while those for methyl orange (MO), methylene
blue, and rhodamine B dyes were 97, 78, and 72%, respectively, within
40 min under ultrasonic vibration only. Furthermore, high catalytic
efficiency of 96% was still maintained for AO7 degradation after 10
consecutive degradation cycles for samarium-doped 0.70Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.30PbTiO3 due to its high
piezoelectric coefficient. The investigation of the catalytic mechanism
demonstrated that hole and superoxide radicals were the primary active
species toward AO7 degradation, whereas hydroxyl and hole radicals
were for MO degradation. This work not only demonstrates the highly
efficient catalytic activity of samarium-doped (1 – x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 nanostructures but also gives a deep
comprehension of the correlation between the piezoelectric property
and catalytic performance of piezocatalysts.
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