The aim was to determine early changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) following uneventful phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in healthy eyes. This prospective interventional case series study was conducted at Ophthalmology Department, Kragujevac Clinical Centre, Kragujevac, Serbia. The study included 123 eyes of 123 cataract patients, 66 women and 57 men, age range 50-88 (mean 70.73±7.94) years having undergone phacoemulsification and in-thebag implantation of a foldable IOL. The patients were treated at Kragujevac Clinical Centre between June 2015 and May 2016. IOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry preoperatively, then 4-6 hours, 18-24 hours and 7 days postoperatively by the same examiner. The mean IOP preoperatively was 15.10±2.68 mm Hg. In three patients, maximum measured IOP was 22 mm Hg. At 4-6 hours postoperatively, the mean IOP was 24.29±7.56 mm Hg (p<0.001), at 18-24 hours it was 18.37±4.80 mm Hg (p<0.001), and 7 days after the surgery the mean IOP was 16.24±2.90 mm Hg (p<0.05). The measured IOP values were statistically significant in all measured times. However, at 4-6 hours and 18-24 hours, the mean IOP value was highly statistically significant (p<0.001). Although 7 days after the surgery IOP normalized, the mean IOP value was statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, our research showed that even eyes with normal preoperative values and uncomplicated phacoemulsification course can show very high IOP values postoperatively, which can cause pain, blurred vision and, rarely, compromise visual function.
Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Turkey has been using the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA) to gain soft power and increase its influence in the Balkans, Caucasia, and Central Asia. As Turkey’s focus is on countries that were once part of the Ottoman Empire, many have characterized this attempt as Neo-Ottomanism. Especially problematic is the fact that, over the years, TİKA has funded the restoration of numerous Ottoman monuments in these regions. Using Serbia as an example, this article explores whether such projects are proof of Turkey having a ‘Neo-Ottoman agenda’ of reviving Ottoman culture and exerting influence over former Ottoman territories, or just a way of Turkey gaining soft power through foreign aid.
Министарство одбране Републике Србије, 3. Центар ВБ авршетак хладног рата свету је донео владавину једне идеолог-ије, једног друштвено-економског устројства и максималну либер-ализацију међународних економских токова. Али, већ почетком 21. века прећи ће се у фазу мултиполарног света са четири доминантне еконо-мске и политичке силе: САД, Кина, Европска унија и Русија. Сваки од ових доминантних учесника у светским процесима има своје специфичн-ости, предности и проблеме. Глобални односи се убрзано мењају.Овај рад анализира могући развој економских, политичких и војних релација између доминантних учесника у глобалним процесима. Кључне речи: глобални процеси, доминантне силе, међународни односиУвод бележавање годишњица важних догађаја прилике су да се са историјском дистанцом предочи објективни поглед на протекли период. Таква је ситуа-ција и са годишњицом Првог светског рата који не само да је био највећи оружани сукоб у историји човечанства, већ је променио и глобалне економске, политичке и војне односе у 20. веку. Велики рат није изазвао само велике људске жртве, већ и распад три европска царства: немачког, аустроугарског и руског, док је уруша-вањем османске власти и четврто царство дошло до ивице пропасти. Под окри-љем великог рата одиграла се бољшевичка револуција која ће свет идеолошки поделити кроз скоро цео 20. век, али се и зачела идеја фашизма која ће изнедри-ти још страшнији војни сукоб. У сенци војних активности обично остаје по страни највећа промена у укупним међународним односима и сељење центра економске моћи преко Атлантика. Економски хроничари грубо су проценили да је 19. век са викторијанском Eнглеском био век Европе, да се 20. век може назвати веком * Основу овог чланка чини реферат проф. др Милоша Тодоровића изнет на конференцији одржаној у Институту за међународну политику и привреду у Београду 4. јуна 2014. године. Рад је измењен и допуњен новим подацима у вези са темом. ** Проф. др Милош Тодоровић је шеф катедре Међународни економски односи.
The spectacular economic development of South Korea in recent decades has continuously intrigued economists, academic community and general public. Whether such a development model be applied to other, less developed countries is one of the topics often explored in a number of studies and debates. Therefore, the principles of South Korean development model and the economic parameters of its foreign trade today, are some of the research aims of this paper. The research focuses on economic relations between South Korea and Serbia, current trends and prospects for future economic cooperation through the analysis of comparative advantage of the most prominent export products and industries, using the RCA index. The analysis shows that Serbia has a potential to further improve cooperation with South Korea in several export sectors, and coupled with investments in human resources and infrastructure, as well as the active promotion of Serbian market to South Korean companies, it may be one of the vectors of their future cooperation.
The connection between financial innovation and information technology industry has provided and kept the crypto currencies for some ten years on the market, a kind of offset of monetary evolution after the introduction of virtual, electronic and digital money. Although their essence is still wrapped up under the veil of secrets, the facts show that the value of Bitcoin as the first crypto currency has a rising trend, and that an increasing number of firms and individuals are deciding to use it. This will result in the emergence of over 1000 new crypto currencies. This paper explains the emergence and functioning of the Bitcoin, its characteristics and functions, the benefits and risks that it carries, as well as possible scenarios of further development of the international monetary system with crypto currencies.
The paper analyses one of the most important economic issues relevant to most countries. The issue involves how to as painless as possible overcome the problems of high budget deficits and excessive accumulated public debt. Argentina and Serbia are used as an example. Argentina implemented rigorous saving measures in 2002 and Serbia began to implement restrictive budgetary measures in 2014. The effects of such a policy can be designed for the future. Results indicate that the key to Argentina’s success lies in the transition to a floating exchange rate and the high level of correlation between the growth of the foreign exchange rate and growth in exports. When comparing strict fiscal policy in Argentina and Serbia, it should be emphasised that the measures in Serbia are far less stringent than those that were established in Argentina. But it also means that the effect of reducing budget expenditures should have less of an impact on GDP reduction than in the case of Argentina.
The balance of payments deficit is the problem faced by numerous countries. To solve the problem of the balance of payment deficit, the creators of economic policy try to stimulate the sectors that secure the largest inflow of foreign currencies and have a beneficial impact on the reduction of deficit. The international trade in informational, computer and telecommunication services records enormously high growth rates in the 21st century. The specificity of ICT sector opens a perspective even to less developed economies to take part more significantly in the exports, which hold a large percentage of a value-added. The goal of this paper is to determine the significance of ICT services for the balance of trade and the current account adjustment, as well as the contribution to generating the surplus of the total balance of services. In the case of the Republic of Serbia, the surplus of ICT sector covers almost one-fifth of the balance of trade deficit, almost one-third of the current account deficit, while every fourth dollar achieved by the services’ exports is achieved by the exports of ICT services. If the same trend of ICT sector’s growth continues, the predictions say that the surplus of this sector will be enlarged by almost 60% till the year of 2024, when compared to the level in 2020. Finally, potentially the most significant advantage, which ICT sector brings with itself, is the reduced brain drain, which is the most destructive consequence brought to the less developed countries by the liberalization of workforce’s movement.
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