Relevance. The influence of the presence/absence of teeth and the periodontium preserved at their existence as a balance factor in the oral cavity including the local immunity of the mucous membranes is practically not covered in the literature.The aim of the investigation was to study the microbial community of the oral cavity at the loss of natural teeth.Material and methods. 45 persons aged from 61 to 74 years old were under observation and were divided into 3 study groups. In the 1st control group the dental status was characterized by partial loss of natural teeth. In group 2 patients, with partial loss of teeth on both jaws, suffered from chronic generalized periodontitis of severe degree. Group 3 patients with partial tooth loss on both jaws suffered from chronic periapical inflammatory processes (chronic granulomatous periodontitis, chronic granulomatous periodontitis) in the absence of acute, chronic or exacerbation of chronic inflammatory process in periodontal tissues. Patients in this study group were also shown to have all of their upper and lower jaw teeth extracted for oral sanitation prior to dental orthopedic treatment. The microbiota was assessed before surgical sanitation of the oral cavity (before tooth extraction) and 30 to 35 days after the last tooth extraction, i.e. at complete tooth loss on the upper and lower jaws.Results. At the initial examination the frequency of detection of 5 red complex periodontopathogens (Prevotella intermedia, Bacteroides forsythus, Treponema denticola, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porhyromonas gingivalis) was from 27 to 53%, which was significantly higher than the control group (13-27%). In one month after complete tooth extraction the detection of these microorganisms in the experimental groups (with periodontitis and periodontitis) reliably decreased (Prevotella intermedia - 20%, Bacteroides forsythus - 20%, Treponema denticola - 20%, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans - 20%, Porphyromonas gingivalis - 33%), which was not significantly different from the control group.Conclusion. Complete extraction of teeth has no effect on the presence of Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. in the saliva of patients with periodontal disease, but leads to a significant reduction in the presence of periodontopathogens and fungi of the genus Candida sp. in the saliva of older people.
A new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) leads to changes in the oral cavity, which makes it important to consider the optimal use of oral care products. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of preventive toothpastes with herbal components, along with the use of antiseptic rinses, in the treatment of elderly patients suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis and against the background of postcovid syndrome. 48 elderly patients with postcovid syndrome suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity were examined, who underwent the generally accepted complex treatment of periodontitis, but the methods of individual oral care differed due to the inclusion of rinses to the toothpastes used in the technique. It has been established that in elderly people suffering from periodontitis against the background of a new coronavirus infection, there are large violations of hemomicrocirculation in periodontal tissues, as well as a high incidence of periodontal pathogens. It was also noted that toothpastes in combination with mouthwashers are highly effective for individual oral hygiene in such patients. Despite the relatively identical clinical characteristics of oral hygiene and indicators of the condition of periodontal tissues, the use of a rinse aid with chlorhexidine during the week at the beginning of complex treatment helps to reduce the frequency of detection of periodontal pathogens, which is important for the secondary prevention of periodontitis and its recurrence.
Currently, there is no scientifically substantiated information on the occurrence of dental hyperesthesia and its causes in patients who have undergone a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Objective: to study the occurrence of dental hyperesthesia, to analyze the causes and to find ways to eliminate it in elderly patients after a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Material and methods. The incidence of dental hyperesthesia was studied in 175 elderly people (from 61 to 75 years old) who had a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 2-4 months ago. As a control group, 125 elderly people were examined, who had not suffered from a new COVID-19 coronavirus infection before their examination. Functional resistance of hard tissues of teeth was assessed using the index of enamel resistance test (TER-test) according to V.R. Okushko and oral hygiene using the simplified index of oral hygiene of Green-Vermillion OHI-S. Results. It has been established that in the postcovid period, dental hyperesthesia is more common in elderly patients, the cause of which is the demineralization of tooth enamel due to the deterioration of individual oral hygiene. Generally accepted oral hygiene in elderly people suffering from dental hyperesthesia contributes to the normalization of the TER-test indicators with a period of 3 to 6 months of regular dental and oral care. The additional use of remineralizing ASEPTА gel for teeth by patients during dental care made it possible to achieve high structural and functional resistance of tooth enamel during the quarter. Conclusion. In people who have undergone a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, due to the deterioration of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, there is a decrease in the mineralization of hard tooth tissues, which is a factor in the occurrence of dental hyperesthesia and confirms the crystal chemical theory of this pathology. The additional use of remineralizing ASEPTА dental gel for individual dental and oral care makes it possible to achieve high caries resistance of tooth enamel in a shorter time.
Since the fourth quarter of 2019, the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has become an integral part of everyday life not only for Russians, but for people all over the world. Despite the extremely in-depth study of the new coronavirus infection, the periodic change in recommendations for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients, many issues of pathogenesis, the clinical picture and the principles of complex treatment and recovery require improvement on a scientific basis. That is why interest in the treatment and rehabilitation of people who have had a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is not waning at present.
BACKGROUND: Patients often visit healthcare institutions for the treatment of various diseases, which are accompanied by painful symptoms. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used for the prevention and relief of pain symptoms in surgical and trauma departments, providing good clinical results and analgesic effects. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of etoricoxib at various dosages for the prevention of pain symptoms after complex removal of the lower wisdom teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were 108 (67 men and 41 women) young people (1832 years old) who underwent a complex removal of an impacted and/or dystopic lower wisdom tooth for orthodontic indications. During the clinical study, the patients were divided into five groups depending on the use and dosage of the highly selective NSAID etoricoxib. RESULTS: In the clinical study, etoricoxib was used at dosages of 30, 60, 90, and 120 mg to prevent pain in 108 patients aged 1832 years who underwent complex removal of the lower wisdom teeth according to orthodontic parameters. For these purposes, it is effective and sufficient to use the drug at a dosage of 60 mg. Etoricoxib also prevented the occurrence of infectious and inflammatory postoperative complications, such as alveolitis, and provided better patient tolerance to the surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: This clinical study on the effectiveness of etoricoxib at various dosages for the prevention of pain symptoms after removal the lower wisdom tooth showed the effectiveness of 60 mg, which should be taken 6090 min before surgery and in the next 23 days in the morning. Etoricoxib not only provided a significant reduction in pain intensity in the postoperative period but also prevented the occurrence of infectious and inflammatory postoperative complications and enabled better patient tolerance to the surgical intervention. Etoricoxib dosages of 90 mg and 120 mg are not advisable for the prevention of pain symptoms in surgical dentistry. Such dosages are necessary for complex treatment of dental diseases, accompanied by a chronic pain syndrome.
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