Toponym is rich in cultural connotations, which can help human beings understand the economy, culture, geography, religion of a certain region and a certain stage. With the increasing intercultural communication, cultural exchange has been extended to people's work and life and the significance and influence of toponym in cross-cultural communication has been gradually highlighted. This paper compares the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western place name from three aspects. Due to the unity of human thought, there are similarities between Chinese and Western place names. But because of the great cultural differences between China and the West, there are also great differences in the place names. Chinese place name is more deliberate and rigorous while western people treat place name only as an accusative symbol and the naming of it is more casual and flexible. Therefore, the study of place name can provide insight into the characteristics of Chinese and Western cultures which is important for the promotion of cultural exchange. The article also considers the prospect of using information computer technologies for processing wide layers of toponymic material.
Рыбаков Михаил Анатольевич, Мохаммед Мохаммед Халил Хуссайн Морфологическая категория падежа в русском, арабском и донгольском (нубийском) языках Цель исследования -установить взаимосвязи между структурой категории падежа и морфологическим типом языка. Научная новизна заключается в том, что делается попытка комплексного парадигматико-синтагматического описания категории падежа в русском, арабском и донгольском языках, суть которой проявляется в определении общих и специфических черт в системе морфологических, фонологических и семантико-синтактических средств выражения, в выявлении и систематизации на семантической основе сходств и различий в выражении общих значений средствами языков, в реализации двустороннего подхода к описанию падежной формы. Такой подход позволяет обеспечить максимально возможную научную достоверность и полноту описания категорий падежа. Кроме того, он помогает определить на фоне общих базовых сходств дифференциальные признаки падежной формы в отдельно взятом языке. Полученные результаты показали, что в русском языке традиционно выделяют шестипадежную классификацию. В арабском языке -трѐхпадежную. Донгольский язык характеризуется наличием семипадежной системы. Адрес статьи: www.
The paper discusses the concept of the inner determinant of a language proposed by the founder of systemic linguistics G.P. Mel’nikov in continuation of W. von Humboldt’s idea of the inner form of language. The purpose of the research is to actualize one of the methods of systemic linguistics in the light of modern scientific paradigms. We examine the method of determinantal analysis of language systems and the notions which are closely related to it: morphological type of language, nominative and communicative angles of presenting a situation in a typical utterance, ways of organizing grammatical semantics in languages of various types. The research shows that G.P. Mel’nikov’s concept of inner determinants of languages allows to interpret the traditional morphological classification of languages as a system of types opposed according to their inner determinants in historically formed specific communicative conditions acting as external determinants of languages
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.