A Vibrio cholerae bacteriophage, family Myoviridae, was isolated from seawater collected from the coastal water of Lima, Peru. Genome size was estimated to be 29 kbp. The temperate phage was specific to V. cholerae and infected 12/13 V. cholerae O1 strains and half of the four non-O1/non-O139 strains tested in this study. Vibrio cholerae O139 strains were resistant to infection and highest infection rates were obtained in low nutrient media amended with NaCl or prepared using seawater as diluent.
The Influenza virus belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family, viruses with a negative sense segmented RNA genome. The influenza virus type A infects humans and other organisms, and is the causative agent of human influenza. Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase stand out among other proteins, and are used in the classification of the members of this group. These viruses mutate continuously, with patterns long studied, the antigenic shift and the antigenic drift, with one major event of recombination called reassortment. All subtypes exist in wild aquatic birds, although other hosts can be found, such as horses, minks, whales, seals, pigs, hens and turkeys, among others. As part of its progressive adaptation to the human host, wild birds and poultry play a fundamental role as well as swine. Although H2N2 and H3N2 subtypes have been very common among the human population, H1N1 subtype has re-emerged with mutations that have allowed it to reach the pandemics state in 2009. This new virus has a close ancestor in a triple reassortant virus from a human influenza virus, a classic influenza swine virus and an avian influenza virus, and contains as well genetic segments from a Euroasian swine influenza virus. This has caused that the virus displays a mild disease, only severe or lethal in individuals with previous medical history. At worldwide level it has caused more than 134.510 cases and in Peru they are close to 3.700. The current state indicates that in Peru the pandemics is about to reach its peak due to the high morbidity of the virus and coldest season of the year. The containment of this virus is important, since the greater the number of people infected, the greater the number of reassortment events the virus will be subjected to, with previous human influenza viruses, and may determine the appearance of new strains, for which the immune system might not be prepared at the population level.
RESUMENLa especificidad entre bacteriófagos y bacterias es una característica utilizada exitosamente para la d de varias especies microbianas. Por este motivo, la detección de vibriófagos es una herramienta útil de in ción y podría ser un método rápido y conveniente de diagnóstico de Vibrio chalerae. El objetivo de este es detectar vibriófagos en muestras de aguas marinas someras y determinar las características morfoló estos vibriófagos.Se determinó la cinética de crecimiento de una cepa de Vfbrfa chalerae serotipo Inaba. Se analizaro tiva y cuantitativamente muestras tomadas de cinco puntos de un sector adyacente a la playa La Chira desembocaduras del río Rímac y río Chillón, usándose distintos inóculos y varios períodos de incubac bacteriófagos fueron concentrados y teñidos para el estudio morfológico por microscopía electrónica de tran Los resultados obtenidos indican que la detección de vibriófagos podría ser una herramienta importan indicador de la presencia de Vibria chalerae.Palabras clav es: Vibria chalerae, vibriófagos , contaminación, aguas, bacteriófagos . ABSTRACTT he specificity between bacteriophages and bacteria is a feature that has been successfully use detection of severaJ microbial species. For this reason th e detection of vibriophages is a valuable research it might be a fast and convenient method to Vibria chalerae diagnostics . The goal of this study was vibriophages in shallow seawater samples and to determine the morphological characteristics of these vibrio It was determined the growth kinetics of a strain of Vibria chalerae serotype Inaba. Seawater sampl from five shallow points from an adjacent sector to La Chira beach, and Rimac and Chillon river mou analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using different inoculum volumes and several incubation peri bacteriophages were concentrated and stained for the morphological study by transmission electron micThe results we obtained indicate that the vibriophages could be an important tool as a Vibria cholerae
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