We investigated the possibility of utilizing unusual carbon sources by three yeast strains: Candida krusei DBM 2136, Trichosporon cutaneum CCY 30-5-10, and Yarrowia lipolytica CCY 30-26-36. These strains are characterized by high biomass yield, ability to accumulate high amounts of lipids, and their potential as producers of dietetically important fatty acids. The aim of this work was the production of nutritionally important fatty acids by utilization of n-alkanes with an odd number of carbon atoms, alone and in combination with glucose and subsequent analysis of microbial lipids accumulation and fatty acid profile. All three yeast strains were able to grow and produce high amounts of the fatty acids of interest. Yarrowia lipolytica was found as the most suitable strain for the growth on n-alkanes (n-pentadecane and n-heptadecane) as the only source of carbon. The addition of biosurfactants rhamnolipids into the cultivation increased the ratio of heptadecenoic acid (up to 17.9% of total FAs in Y. lipolytica CCY 30-26-36, 14.9% in T. cutaneum CCY 30-5-10, and 17.5% in C. krusei DBM 2136) and the total biomass yield. The results show that, by manipulation of the initial cultivation conditions, the ratio of important fatty acids may be increased.
The growth of microorganisms is affected by cultivation conditions, concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources and the presence of trace elements. One of the new possibilities of influencing the production of cell mass or lipids is the use of lanthanides. Lanthanides are biologically non-essential elements with wide applications in technology and industry and their concentration as environmental contaminants is therefore increasing. Although non-essential, lanthanides have been proposed (and even used) to produce beneficial effects in plants but their mechanisms of action are unclear. Recently, it was suggested that they may replace essential elements or operate as potent blockers of Ca(2+) channels. We tested the effect of low concentrations of lanthanides on traditional biotechnologically useful yeast species (Kluyveromyces polysporus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torulospora delbrueckii), and species capable of high accumulation of lipids (Rhodotorula glutinis, Trichosporon cutaneum, Candida sp., Yarrowia lipolytica). Low concentrations of lanthanum and monazite were conducive to an increase in cell mass and lipids and also higher production of palmitoleic acid, commonly used in cosmetics and medicine, and ω6-linoleic acid which is a precursor of thromboxanes, prostaglandins and leucotrienes.
The growth of microorganisms is affected by cultivation conditions, concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources and the presence of trace elements. One of new possibilities of influencing the production of biomass or lipids is the use of lanthanides. Lanthanides are biologically non-essential elements with wide applications in technology and industry and their concentration as environmental contaminants is therefore increasing. Although non-essential, lanthanides have been proposed (and even used) to produce beneficial effects in plants but their mechanisms of action are unclear. Recently, it was suggested that they may replace essential elements. We tested the effect of low concentrations of lanthanides on traditional biotechnologically useful yeast species (Kluyveromyces polysporus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torulospora delbrueckii), and species capable of high accumulation of lipids (Rhodotorula glutinis, Trichosporon cutaneum, Candida sp., Yarrowia lipolytica). Growth characteristics were determined in the above yeast strains cultivated with different lanthanides or monazite (calculated to lanthanum proportional content) concentrations (0.03; 0.3; 1; 3 mg/L). The cultivations were carried out for 96 h (until early stationary phase), cultivation temperature was 30 ˚C. The fatty acids extraction was based on the method of Bligh and Dyer (1959). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of fatty acid picolinyl esters was done on a GC-MS system.The lanthanides in selected concentration did not have any significant inhibitory effect on yeast growth and some of them even showed a stimulatory effect. Low concentrations of some lanthanides were conducive to an increase in biomas and also higher production of palmitoleic acid, commonly used in cosmetics and medicine, and ω6-linoleic acid which is a precursor of thromboxanes, prostaglandins and leucotrienes. Lanthanum enhanced the cell biomass of T. cutaneum by as much as 150% and other individual selected lanthanides (lanthanum, praseodymium, gadolinium and monazite as a naturally occurring mixture of lanthanides) in the range of 23 and 57 %. Cultivation with monazite increased the cell biomass in Candida sp., R. glutinis and T. cutaneum by 30-40% and in Y. lipolytica by 60%. A sizable increase in lipid content occurred upon addition of praseodymium and lanthanum to K. polysporus (from 5 % to 9 %), Candida sp. (from 35 % to 43 %), Y. lipolytica (from 18 % to 25 %) and a 10-fold higher concentration of monazite (3 mg/l) boosted the increase of lipid content by some 50% compared to the effect of 0.3 mg/l. The highest increase of the palmitoleic and linoleic acid content was brought about by lanthanum, and in some strains by monazite irrespective of its concentration. The highest yield of palmitoleic and linoleic acid, in excess of 300 mg/g, was obtained by culturing T. cutaneum with lanthanum and monazite.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.