In the days leading to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, open innovations in the form of the deployment of digital marketing tools in the management portfolio were an option; in a time of forced closing of economies, they suddenly became a necessity. The aim of the comprehensive research, in which the presented study is prepared, is to describe the changes in e-consumer behavior that occurred in the market during the COVID-19 pandemic. The presented study examines the seasonal and regional specifics that characterize the markets of Central and Eastern Europe. In a sample of almost 14,000,000 Facebook users, the user interactions with ten selected representatives of the e-commerce sector were recorded daily during the 2020/2021 Christmas season lasting 49 days. By analyzing the nature and timing of interactions, it was possible to identify the geographical specifics of e-consumer behavior, as well as basic seasonality indicators based on a comparison with the reference period of the first half of 2020. The synthesis of the findings provided a knowledge base for compiling a preliminary version of the model of the COVID-19 pandemic impact on e-consumer behavior. In terms of changes in e-consumer behavior, it can be stated that the step change in e-behavior patterns caused by the pandemic merges with pre-pandemic behavior patterns. In general, it can be stated that the evolutionary process of the transition from offline to online the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be a significant acceleration factor of inevitable changes.
The COVID-19 pandemic has redefined procedures in every business sector. In the first half of 2020, companies had to face an unexpected and unpredictable situation that resulted in both threats and opportunities in real time. Almost overnight, brick-and-mortar establishments of most stores closed, and the dominant part of transactions and activities moved from offline to the online environment. The main goal of the paper is to identify changes in the interactions of digital customer communities of selected e-business representatives in the Czech market. Within a sample of almost one and a half million Facebook users, during the first spring COVID-19 lockdown (March to May 2020), the interactions of the five largest Czech e-shops and their customers were recorded on a daily basis. The data were then subjected to a thorough statistical analysis in order to identify the specifics that resulted from the highly non-standard market situation. The results suggest that during the pandemic, there was a major reallocation of interactions in terms of their timing. Most interactions take place during the working week. From a day-to-day perspective, most of the interactions occur at around noon. In view of the findings, it can be stated that in order to maintain the competitiveness resulting from efficient management of corporate resources, it will be necessary to modify the usual procedures of e-marketing communication, as well as human resources management procedures in terms of the optimization of work of employees working from home.
The study presented in this contribution deals with the issue of using modern methods of data collection for the purposes of analysing consumer behaviour. Professional literature as well as business practice offer us an enormous number of approaches, traditional or innovative, with which it is possible to obtain and then evaluate data in order to understand specific patterns of consumer behaviour. Following on from our previous research in the field, we have applied a method of collecting and evaluating customers e-data in real time. As a source of data, we used the virtual social network Facebook. As a sample we selected customers of the five largest e-shops operated in the Czech Republic. On a sample of more than one and a half million users we monitored the B2C communication of e-shops and subsequently the C2B Facebook interaction of their customers during the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the observed period we analysed hundreds of thousands of interactions and then outlined basic trends and specific characteristics of consumer behaviour suitable for further research. The selected findings resulting from the implemented analyses contribute to the creation of a knowledge base of a qualitative nature, which can help to define research goals in the future process of examining the effects of the pandemic on various aspects of business.
The global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has largely changed established business practices. The aim of this study is to present the results of eighteen months of intensive research into the effects of the pandemic on e-consumer behavior. In one of the most active e-commerce markets in Europe, the Czech Republic, we analyzed a sample of more than one and a half million Facebook users in terms of their C2B interactions on the B2C activities of the five major e-commerce market players. The measurements were carried out in three periods, which corresponded to the onset of the first wave, the peak, and the fading of the second wave of the pandemic. This enabled us to monitor the effect of seasonality and the stabilization of patterns of consumer behavior during the coronavirus crisis. The results suggest that a specific panic pattern of e-consumer behavior was developed at the time of the onset of the pandemic. However, as the pandemic progressed, the market adapted to a new normal, which, as evidenced by the change in trends, appears to be a combination of the pre-pandemic and pandemic behavioral patterns. Using a statistical analysis, it was possible to identify the delta of changes within the patterns of consumer behavior, thus fulfilling the final condition for creating an empirical model of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on e-consumer behavior presented in this study.
This article discusses the financial indicators of selected companies and their impact on the reputation score. In the literature, we encounter the connection between financial indicators and reputation; therefore, the article chooses several financial indicators and compares them with the increase or decrease of reputation scores over the past years. The result is an analysis of selected indicators and their impact on the change in the reputation score. The results will help to understand the impact and create a prerequisite for further analyses of the impact on the reputation score from the point of view of financial management.
The paper is devoted to the analysis of the selected aspects of e-consumer behavior. Specifically, to the application of innovative methods of evaluating customer interactions within the environment of the virtual social network Facebook. From the point of view of the actual implementation of presented research, the activity of customer tribes of the five largest e-commerce entities in the Czech virtual market was analyzed and evaluated. The data needed to process the analysis were collected during the first state of emergency declared in the Czech Republic in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. Through the analysis of data on the interactions of customer groups in a highly non-standard situation, it was possible to outline specific patterns of consumer behavior, in particular the extent and nature of their interactions in B2C communication on the social network Facebook. From the findings we can deduce a shift in the timing of interactions towards the morning hours, which we consider both as an effect of working from home and as a deviation from the usual patterns of behavior. In our opinion, it is necessary to take both of these effects into account when planning marketing communication.
Innovation is a major accelerator of development. This is no different with regard to innovations in business management processes. The communication policy of business entities has been undergoing a transformation for more than two decades, where more and more emphasis is being placed on interactive forms of presentation, with which companies can better target selected markets. The aim of the study is to describe selected characteristics of the Slovak market in the light of the transformation from off-line to on-line. Through the analysis of secondary information sources, it is possible to state that on the Slovak market we record both a continuous increase in the share of social network use by companies, as well as an increase in expenditure on Internet promotion. The presented study maps the period until the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, thus creating a reference framework for subsequent research into the effects of the pandemic on the communication activities of Slovak companies.
At a time of global crisis, also at a time of accelerated digitalisation of businesses, sensible investment in communication with their customers is becoming very topical. The paper focuses on the development of investments in Internet advertising in the period 2012-2020. The method used for the research was a comparative analysis, which showed that the amount of money invested in internet advertising increased every year and that, unlike other types of advertising, no year was recorded for internet advertising during the period under review, when the value of investments in a given year would be lower than the value in the previous year. The results show that online advertising is taking an increasing share of total advertising investment. Another finding is that television advertising maintains a dominant position in the advertising market and is not directly affected by the development of investment in Internet advertising. However, the growth of investment in Internet advertising has a direct impact on the volume of investment in print advertising and OOH (Out of Home) advertising. The given types of media showed the largest decrease in terms of market share and negatively copied the development of investments in Internet advertising. In the case of radio advertising, there was also a decrease, but its dependence on Internet advertising has not been proven. However, the question arises as to the development of investments in the coming years. It is possible to anticipate the continuing strengthening of the role of Internet advertising and it will also be interesting to see whether Internet advertising will jeopardize the position of TV advertising. The results of the research will help both researchers and companies in the process of their decision to invest in selected types of advertising.
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