Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with optimal bandgap (E g ) and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) are key to high-performance perovskite-based tandem photovoltaics. A 2D/3D perovskite heterostructure passivation is employed for double-cation wide-bandgap PSCs with engineered bandgap (1.65 eV ≤ E g ≤ 1.85 eV), which results in improved stabilized PCEs and a strong enhancement in open-circuit voltages of around 45 mV compared to reference devices for all investigated bandgaps. Making use of this strategy, semitransparent PSCs with engineered bandgap are developed, which show stabilized PCEs of up to 25.7% and 25.0% in fourterminal perovskite/c-Si and perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells, respectively. Moreover, comparable tandem PCEs are observed for a broad range of perovskite bandgaps. For the first time, the robustness of the four-terminal tandem configuration with respect to variations in the perovskite bandgap for two state-of-the-art bottom solar cells is experimentally validated.
Tandem
and multijunction solar cells offer the only demonstrated path to
terrestrial 1-sun solar cell efficiency over 30%. Three-terminal tandem
(3TT) solar cells can overcome some of the limitations of two-terminal
and four-terminal tandem solar cell designs. However, the coupled
nature of the cells adds a degree of complexity to the devices themselves
and the ways that their performance can be measured and reported.
While many different configurations of 3TT devices have been proposed,
there is no standard taxonomy to discuss the device structure or loading
topology. This Perspective proposes a taxonomy for 3TT solar cells
to enable a common nomenclature for discussing these devices and their
performance. It also provides a brief history of three-terminal devices
in the literature and demonstrates that many different 3TT devices
can work at efficiencies above 30% if properly designed.
Three-terminal tandem solar cells can provide a robust operating mechanism to efficiently capture the solar spectrum without the need to current match sub-cells or fabricate complicated metal interconnects.
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