, "Laser-induced damage threshold of camera sensors and micro-optoelectromechanical systems," Opt. Eng. 56(3), 034108 (2017), doi: 10.1117/1.OE.56.3.034108. Abstract. The continuous development of laser systems toward more compact and efficient devices constitutes an increasing threat to electro-optical imaging sensors, such as complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors (CMOS) and charge-coupled devices. These types of electronic sensors are used in day-to-day life but also in military or civil security applications. In camera systems dedicated to specific tasks, micro-optoelectromechanical systems, such as a digital micromirror device (DMD), are part of the optical setup. In such systems, the DMD can be located at an intermediate focal plane of the optics and it is also susceptible to laser damage. The goal of our work is to enhance the knowledge of damaging effects on such devices exposed to laser light. The experimental setup for the investigation of laser-induced damage is described in detail. As laser sources, both pulsed lasers and continuous-wave (CW)-lasers are used. The laser-induced damage threshold is determined by the single-shot method by increasing the pulse energy from pulse to pulse or in the case of CW-lasers, by increasing the laser power. Furthermore, we investigate the morphology of laser-induced damage patterns and the dependence of the number of destructive device elements on the laser pulse energy or laser power. In addition to the destruction of single pixels, we observe aftereffects, such as persistent dead columns or rows of pixels in the sensor image.
In this paper, we propose ways to study the optical limiting behavior of dissolved nanoparticles. We want to present two different approaches. First, we identify the key properties responsible for the critical fluence threshold using a principal component analysis. For metallic nanoparticles, we found that the real part of the complex dielectric function must have a negative value as low as possible, while the imaginary part must be close to zero. Additionally, the solvent should have a low refractive index as well as a low absorption. Furthermore, nonlinear scattering seems to be an important limiting mechanism for nanoparticle limiters. Here, we present a thermal finite element model to predict the temporal evolution of the temperature profile in the nanoparticles and their vicinity. The temperature profile leads to vapor bubbles around the nanoparticles and Mie theory is used to calculate the induced scattering. We demonstrate the functionality of the model by simulating an Au-nanoparticle in an ethanol solution
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