Experience design, an approach to create emotional connection with guests or customers through careful planning of tangible and intangible service elements, has gained popularity in many hospitality and retail businesses. With ever-increasing competition, service providers seek to develop loyalty by aggressively designing, continuously innovating, and managing their customer experiences. This article explores the relationship between different service elements designed to create enhanced experience and customer loyalty. In addition, it looks at emotional responses as mediating factors between the physical and relational elements and loyalty behaviors. A model is proposed and tested with a VIP hospitality tent for an internationally renowned touring circus. Results of the study indicate that while a few design elements directly affect loyalty behavior, the relationship between most design elements and loyalty behavior is strongly mediated by eliciting certain types of emotional behavior. This connection has implications for the focus of service managers' efforts in different environments.

If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation.

If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to classify and organize the accumulated knowledge about mobile shopping (m-shopping) as revealed in the present literature regarding retail. A classification framework has been applied, consisting of three categories: online distribution channels, advanced technology for in-store shopping, and technology perspectives. Design/methodology/approach -A term-based search method was applied in which the literature was restricted to peer-reviewed articles in English-language journals of a certain date and specific online databases. Finally, 81 peer-reviewed articles, published between 2000 and 2012 around the world, were taken into account. Findings -Considering the retail environment, the interest in m-shopping for both advanced technology for in-store shopping and for the online distribution channel has increased continuously over the last decade. Moreover, while studies have mostly explored the consumers' acceptance and reactions to m-shopping themes, the technology perspective is still being researched. Research limitations/implications -Due to the selected term-based search method, the number of identified publications is limited. Additionally, the selected framework requires a corresponding assignment to an explicitly stated topic, which was not always possible. Originality/value -As far as the author knows, this paper provides the first systematic review of m-shopping literature, which not only helps to organize retail-based literature, but also investigates significant gaps on this topic, thus facilitating future research.

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We present two matched sets of five dissipationless simulations each, including four presently favored minimal modifications to the standard cold dark matter (CDM) scenario. One simulation suite, with a linear box size of 75 h −1 Mpc, is designed for high resolution and good statistics on the group/poor cluster scale, and the other, with a box size of 300 h −1 Mpc, is designed for good rich cluster statistics. All runs had 57 million cold particles, and models with massive neutrinos (CHDM-2ν) had an additional 113 million hot particles. We consider separately models with massive neutrinos, tilt, curvature, and a nonzero cosmological constant (Λ ≡ 3H 2 0 Ω Λ ) in addition to the standard CDM model. We find that the dark matter in each of our tilted Ω 0 + Ω Λ = 1 (TΛCDM) model with Ω 0 = 0.4, our tilted Ω 0 = 1 model (TCDM), and our open Λ = 0 (OCDM) model with Ω 0 = 0.5 has too much small-scale power by a factor of ∼ 2, while CHDM-2ν and SCDM are acceptable fits. In addition, we take advantage of the large dynamic range in detectable halo masses afforded by the combination of the two sets of simulations to test the Press-Schechter approximation. We find good fits at cluster masses for δ c,g = 1.27-1.35 for a Gaussian filter and δ c,t = 1.57-1.73 for a tophat filter. But, when we adjust δ c to obtain a good fit at cluster mass scales, we find that the Press-Schechter model overpredicts the number density of halos compared to the simulations by a weakly cosmology-dependent factor of 1.5-2 at galaxy and group masses. It is impossible to obtain a good fit over the entire range of masses simulated by adjusting δ c within reasonable bounds.

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