Son yıllarda yaygın olarak yapılan göçer arıcılık ve ticari ana arı kullanımı nedeniyle Türkiye arı biyoçeşitliliğinde homojenizasyon oluştuğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma kapsamında Türkiye bal arısı biyoçeşitliliğinin korunup korunamadığı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye"nin 32 ayrı lokasyonundan işçi arı örnekleri toplandı ve sağ ön kanattaki 19 landmarka göre geometrik morfometrik yöntem kullanılarak çalışıldı. Araştırma bulgularına göre her ne kadar yerel ırkların korunduğu lokal alanlar var olsa da önceki çalışmalarda bildirilen biyoçeşitliliğin (Kuzeyde Apis mellifera caucasica, güneydoğuda A. m. meda, güneybatıya doğru A. m. syriaca, Trakya"da A. m. carnica, Anadolu"nun geri kalan tüm kesimlerinde ise A. m. anatoliaca) günümüzde korunamadığı belirlenmiştir. Diskriminant fonksiyon analizi ve UPGMA dendogramı sonuçlarına göre Isparta, Ardahan, Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş ve Zonguldak populasyonları birbirlerinden ve diğer tüm populasyonlardan ayrı kümelenmişlerdir. Diğer taraftan

ILTER, G.; SÖYLER, G.; RASGELE, P. G.; KEKEÇOGLU, M & KAMBUR, M. The effect of rhododendron honey on mice liver tissue. Int. J. Morphol., 34(3): 842-847, 2016. SUMMARY: Rhododendron honey, made by bees from rhododendron pollen, contains a toxic substance called grayanotoxin. Depending on the dose, the poisonous honey can result in serious effects such as cardiac arrhythmia, fibrillation, and myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the poisonous RH of the Black Sea Region on the liver. Male mice were divided into five groups of twelve mice each, two being the control groups (distilled water) and the others being the rhododendron honey (RH) groups (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg) and 0.01 mg/kg grayanotoxin (GTx) groups. Liver tissues were collected 24 and 48 h later. The sections were stained with hematoxylin, eosin and PAS, then the histopathological score was performed. Significant statistical differences were observed between the RH and control groups in terms of congestion, steatosis, sinusoid dilatation, and inflammation. The control group demonstrated a normal liver structure in the light microscopy, while the GTx-applied 24 h group exhibited expansions in the sinusoids and congestion. Higher levels of congestion, steatosis, and inflammatory cells were seen in the GTx-applied 48 h group. In the same group, giant cells consisting of many nuclei were observed in the sinusoids. The results of the 25 mg RH-applied groups were similar in 24 and 48 h, histopathological score levels were increased slightly, congestion and steatosis were prominent in the 48 h group. Dense steatosis was seen in the hepatocytes around the vena centralis in 50 mg/kg RH-applied 48 h group. Congestion, steatosis and an increase in inflammatory cells were observed in the hepatocytes in the 75 mg/kg RH-applied 24-and 48 h groups. PAS (+) stained hepatocytes were decreased in the RH-and GTx-applied groups. The toxic effects of the rhododendron honey were observed in the mice liver tissue with respect to dose and time. KÜKNER, A.; ILTER, G.; SÖYLER, G.; RASGELE, P. G.; KEKEÇOGLU, M & KAMBUR, M. The effect of rhododendron honey on mice liver tissue. Int. J. Morphol., 34(3):842-847, 2016.

No abstract

Propolis collecting capacity of the honey bee race, Apis mellifera L., distributed across Anatolia and Thrace regions of Turkey was investigated and correlated with morphometric characteristics. Thus, the propolis collecting behaviour of honey bee races and ecotypes naturally have been in Turkey, Apis mellifera caucasica, Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera syriaca and Yığılca and Muğla ecotype of Apis mellifera anatoliaca were monitored. The mean yield of annual propolis was recorded as the following; Yığılca ecotype (111.6±27.5 g colony) A. m. caucasica (104±20.7 g colony), Muğla ecotype (103±34 g colony), A. m. carnica (91.16±17.6 g colony), and A. m. syriaca (74±6.4 g colony) in descending order. The highest propolis collecting activity was recorded for the Yığılca ecotype of A. m. anatoliaca and A. m. caucasica. Morphological features of honey bee samples were evaluated by classic morphometric technique to correlate propolis collecting capability and morphological features. Morphometric results of the present study showed that the largest wing and leg lengths belonged to Yığılca ecotype of A. m. anatoliaca and A. m. caucasica. Furthermore, Pearson correlation showed a significant relationship between some morphometric characteristics including the proboscis and mandibular sections, wing length (WL), wing width (WW), femur length (FL), tibia length (TL), basitarsus length (BL), basitarsus width (BW), and propolis collecting capability (P<0.05). Therefore, it seems that the enlargement of certain morphological properties with genetic tendency of the honey bee races and ecotypes, primarily the legs and wings, can lead to better propolis collecting capability.

In this study, it was investigated whether different bee breeds prefer different plant sources to collect propolis. For this purpose four different honey bee race (Apis mellifera caucasica, A. m. carnica, A. m. syriaca and A. m. anatoliaca) naturally have been in Turkey were placed in the same isolated apiary; and Propolis was harvested from these races. chemical contents of alcoholic extractions of the harvested propolis were were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS / MS). In addition that, the pollen content of the same propolis samples were determined with a microscope. According to the LCMS / MS results the propolis samples collected by different honey bee race differed significantly in terms of quercetin and ferulic acid. Data obtained from polen analyses revealed that Fabaceae and Apiaceae (PD >45%) families were mostly detected in propolis samples obtained from different races. Although the polen from the Campanulaceae family was dedected only in the propolis samples from A. m. anatoliaca race, thr polen from Caryophyllaceae family was found in other propolis samples collected by A. m caucasica races. The results of this study showed that different honey bee races tend to different plant sources and the content of propolis may differ according to the bee races.