Extraction is the separation of a substance from the mixture, with the distribution of a solute between two solvents which can not be mixed to fetch solute from one solvent to another solvent. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity found in betel leaf extract for coconut oil numbers peroxide analysis, antioxidant resistance, with Lovibond color test and to found variations in betel leaf types that produce the optimum operating conditions of antioxidants. In this study, green and red betel leaves extracted by using ethanol solvent, the extract is added to coconut oil and then tested peroxide number and color levels. The results obtained in this study were able to lower the number of betel leaves peroxide by 55.13% with the best optimum condition; volume of 150 ml of solvent, extraction time of 75 minutes, and stirring speed of 300 rpm for the raw material powder of red betel leaf.
The present study was conducted to correlate between the phytochemical constituents in the extract of C. mangga rhizomes and its immunomodulatory effect on phagocytosis of mice leukocytes. The phytochemical screening was performed using the standard method, while qualitative analysis of curcumin in C. mangga extract was examined using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of C. mangga were introduced to carbon clearance method for their immunomodulatory potential. The phytochemical screening on nhexane and ethanol extracts of C. mangga rhizomes revealed the presence of steroids and terpenoids. Meanwhile, glycosides, saponins and flavonoids were detected in ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts. The TLC analysis led to the identification of curcumin in all extracts. All the samples tested demonstrated the immunostimulatory effect on phagocytosis ability of mice leukocytes. Of all the extracts, n-hexane extract displayed the strongest stimulation on phagocytosis effect but there was no significantly different (P>0.05). The results suggest that the immunostimulatory activity of extract on phagocytosis ability was due to the presence of its major constituents although other constituents may also contribute.
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