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Polymers derived from renewable resources are now considered as promising alternatives to traditional petro-polymers as they mitigate current environmental concerns (raw renewable materials/biodegradability). d-limonene can be found in a variety of citrus, indeed is the main component of citrus oils and one of most important contributors to citrus flavor. The incorporation of limonene in PLA matrix was evaluated and quantified by Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Transparent films were obtained after the addition of the natural compound. Mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile tests. The effect of limonene on mechanical properties of PLA films was characterized by an increase in the elongation at break and a decrease in the elastic modulus. The fracture surface structure of films was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and homogeneous surfaces were observed in all cases. Barrier properties were reduced due to the increase of the chain mobility produced by the d-limonene.

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Please cite this article as: Arrieta, M.P., Peltzer, M.A., Garrigós, a.d.C., Jiménez, A., Structure and mechanical properties of sodium and calcium caseinate edible active films with carvacrol, Journal of Food Engineering (2012), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.09.002 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Abstract: 17Edible active films based on sodium caseinate (SC) and calcium caseinate (CC) 18 plasticized with glycerol (G) at three different concentrations and carvacrol (CRV) as 19 active agent were prepared by solvent casting. Transparent films were obtained and 20 their surfaces were analysed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy 21 (SEM). The influence of the addition of three different plasticizer concentrations was 22 studied by determining tensile properties, while Fourier transformed infrared 23 spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetic analysis (TGA) were used to evaluate the 24 structural and thermal behaviour of such films. The addition of glycerol resulted in a 25 reduction in the elastic modulus and tensile strength, while some increase in the 26 elongation at break was observed. In general terms, SC films showed flexibility higher 27 than the corresponding CC counterparts. In addition, the presence of carvacrol caused 28 further improvements in ductile properties suggesting the presence of stronger 29 interactions between the protein matrix and glycerol, as it was also observed in thermal 30 degradation studies. FTIR spectra of all films showed the characteristic bands and 31 peaks corresponding to proteins as well as to primary and secondary alcohols. In 32 summary, the best results regarding mechanical and structural properties for 33caseinates-based films containing carvacrol were found for the formulations with high 34 glycerol concentrations. 35 36

Please cite this article as: Ramos, M., Jiménez, A., Peltzer, M., Garrigós, M.C., Development of novel nanobiocomposite antioxidant films based on poly (lactic acid) and thymol for active packaging, Food Chemistry (2014), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem. 2014.04.026 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

26Ternary nano-biocomposite films based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with modified cellulose 27 nanocrystals (s-CNC) and synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag) have been prepared and 28 characterized. The functionalization of the CNC surface with an acid phosphate ester of ethoxylated 29 nonylphenol favoured its dispersion in the PLA matrix. The positive effects of the addition of 30 cellulose and silver on the PLA barrier properties were confirmed by reductions in the water 31 permeability (WVP) and oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of the films tested. The migration level of 32 all nano-biocomposites in contact with food simulants were below the permitted limits in both non-33 polar and polar simulants. PLA nano-biocomposites showed a significant antibacterial activity 34 influenced by the Ag content, while composting tests showed that the materials were visibly 35 disintegrated after 15 days with the ternary systems showing the highest rate of disintegration under 36 composting conditions. 37 38

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