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Purpose This study aimed to explore the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Methods This qualitative descriptive study included 18 breast cancer survivors who completed cancer treatment within the last five years in Istanbul, Turkey. A directed content analysis was performed using the quality-of-life domains as guiding themes. Results The mean age was 51 ± 5.9, and the average months since active treatment were 26.5 ± 9.8 (9–48). Six themes and associated categories are as follows: Physical functioning; Changes in physical activity and weight, new physical symptoms, Role functioning; Work-life, changes in household chores, Emotional functioning; Emotional changes, fear of having the COVID-19 infection, Cognitive Functioning; Risk Perception about the COVID-19 infection, reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic’ measures, Social Functioning; Familial relationship changes, social interactions, General Health/Utilization of Healthcare services; Changes in routine follow-ups, changes in diet. Conclusion Breast cancer survivors had different challenges causing new physical and psychological symptoms such as lymphedema, pain, burnout, and anxiety that may have long-term effects on their quality of life.

Perinatal nurses are ideally situated to inform pregnant women about prenatal screening tests to improve access to healthcare services and to ensure informed decisions are made by pregnant women and their partners.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the three methods of education-individual, individual with an educational brochure for spouses, and group-on participation on breast cancer screening in Turkey. A total of 550 home visits were made and 446 women were interviewed to accrue 327 women for the study, 26.7% of whom reported receiving a screening mammogram within the past 2 years. Participants were divided into one of the three educational groups, and following the educational session, they were invited to attend a breast cancer screening program. The results indicated that the decision to have a screening mammogram was influenced by the method of education and the knowledge score. Women, who were educated, within a group scored the highest. These results demonstrate that group education is an effective method of increasing breast cancer knowledge and screening awareness.

The aims of this study are to assess knowledge of inheritance characteristics of breast cancer and risk reduction strategies and to determine risk perception and the factors affecting risk perception of women with family history. There is a gap in our understanding of risk perception and knowledge of genetic aspect of breast cancer and risk reduction strategies in women with a family history of breast cancer. The study design is descriptive cross-sectional study. Between January 2015 and 2016 at a training and research hospital in Turkey, 117 women who were the first- and second-degree relatives of breast cancer patients were included in the study. Perceived risk scale, cancer worry chart, and a knowledge assessment form were used to collect data. Of the women, 34.1% were first-degree relatives of a breast cancer patient, and knowledge score was 6.9 ± 2.19 out of 11. Almost half of the women (41.9%) moderately worry about the chances of getting breast cancer, and half of the women (51.3%) ranked their perceived risk as moderate (26-50% out of 100%). There is a significant difference between the perceived risk and educational level, having genetic testing, and a significant relationship between the perceived risk and worry level of women. However, breast cancer screening behavior was not affected by risk perception. The knowledge of women regarding inheritance characteristics of breast cancer and risk reduction strategies was moderate, but still majority of women have moderate or higher level of risk perception and are worried about getting breast cancer. Therefore, interventions should be planned to reduce worry and to increase risk reduction strategies such as screening and other health behaviors in women at risk for breast-ovarian cancer.

2011).Comprehensive cancer control programs include primary protection, early diagnosis/screening, treatment, and palliative care (WHO, 2007(WHO, : 2011. Primary protection from cancer includes eliminating risk factors and some vaccine administrations (WHO, 2007a: WHO, 2007b). There are two main approaches to the early diagnosis of cancer. The first is to provide training to increase the awareness of cancer risk factors and early stage signs and symptoms; the second approach is to screen individuals systematically. There is adequate evidence to conduct screening programs only for cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer (CRC) at present. The results show that the effect on the mortality rate of screening for cancer types such as ovarian, oral, lung, and prostate are inadequate (Martin-Moreno et al., 2009).