Intra-alveolar root fractures of incisor teeth are more frequent than other dental injuries. These case reports describe two untreated horizontal root fractures of the maxillary right central incisors. Patients reported accidental trauma, which occurred several years ago. These fractures were discovered during a routine full-mouth radiographic survey. Teeth were asymptomatic and tested vital to electric pulp tests.
A 12-year-old male with a large periapical lesion around the apices of his mandibular incisors is described. The lesion formed after trauma to the mandibular anterior teeth 5 years previously. During root canal treatment, chlorhexidine gluconate was used for irrigation, and calcium hydroxide was used both for the intracanal dressing and as a base of the root canal sealer. Periapical healing was observed 3 months after obturation and continued at the 12-month review. Key learning points Root canal treatment, including the use of chlorhexidine gluconate and calcium hydroxide for infection control, led to substantial healing of a large periapical lesion. This report confirms that large periapical lesions can respond favourably to non-surgical treatment.
The composite resins used in this study were cytotoxic after 48 h pre-incubation, but this toxicity disappeared after pre-incubation in a biological medium for 7 days. Curing did not have a significant effect on the cytotoxicity of the composite materials tested.
No significant differences in terms of reduction in microbial counts were observed between single-file techniques (SAF and Reciproc) and serial Ni-Ti instrumentation technique (ProTaper) in combination with irrigants.
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