Despite advances in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), there is currently no prospect of a cure, and evidence shows that multifactorial interventions can benefit patients. A promising therapeutic alternative is the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) simultaneously with cognitive intervention. The combination of these non-pharmacological techniques is apparently a safe and accessible approach. This study protocol aims to compare the efficacy of tDCS and cognitive intervention in a double-blind, randomized and factorial clinical trial. One hundred participants diagnosed with mild-stage AD will be randomized to receive both tDCS and cognitive intervention, tDCS, cognitive intervention, or placebo. The treatment will last 8 weeks, with a 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome will be the improvement of global cognitive functions, evaluated by the AD Assessment Scale, cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog). The secondary outcomes will include measures of functional, affective, and behavioral components, as well as a neurophysiological marker (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF). This study will enable us to assess, both in the short and long term, whether tDCS is more effective than the placebo and to examine the effects of combined therapy (tDCS and cognitive intervention) and isolated treatments (tDCS vs. cognitive intervention) on patients with AD.Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02772185—May 5, 2016.
Introduction: the climacteric is a period in the woman's life cycle represented by the passage between the reproductive and non-reproductive period, in which menopause occurs. In this phase, several physiological changes occur, such as vasomotor and psychological symptoms, sleep disorders, osteoporosis and loss of muscle mass. Objective: to identify the main benefits that the practice of the Pilates method offers for postmenopausal women. Materials and methods: systematic review performed on LILACS, MedLine, PubMed and SciELO databases, using the descriptors "Pilates method" and "menopause". Studies published since 2010, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, which used Pilates training with post-menopausal women were included. The methodological quality of the articles found was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: only three controlled and randomized clinical trials were selected, with a sample varying between 41 and 110 participants and mean age between 59 and 69 years. In all studies, the time for each session was 60 minutes and the frequency was twice a week. Two studies used a 12-week protocol and one adopted a 30-week exercise program. All were considered of good methodological quality by the PEDro scale. Conclusion: the main results found show that the practice of the Pilates method can influence the balance, posture, sleep, anxiety and depression, fatigue and respiratory function of postmenopausal women.
Introdução: Os distúrbios osteomioarticulares constituem um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública nos dias atuais, devido à sua alta prevalência, representando um dos principais problemas entre os trabalhadores, impactando negativamente na qualidade de vida, o que pode conduzir ao absenteísmo e invalidez precoce. Neste sentido, o trabalhador de transporte, particularmente os taxistas, que enfrentam uma rotina desgastante devido às intempéries relacionadas ao clima, as condições de tráfego e do trajeto das vias urbanas, assim como, a jornada de trabalho excessiva, ficam vulneráveis aos distúrbios osteomioarticulares. Objetivo: Estabelecer o perfil epidemiológico de motoristas de táxi da cidade de João Pessoa-PB, bem como identificar os fatores relacionados à dor e atividade laboral. Métodos: Estudo com abordagem descritiva, transversal, retrospectivo e de natureza epidemiológica, de base populacional com 27 taxistas. Os dados foram analisados, utilizando o programa estatístico Statistical Packaget Social Science, versão 20.0 para Windows. Resultados: Dos 27 taxistas estudados, todos eram do sexo masculino, com idade média de 50,5 anos, e declararam ter algum tipo de comorbidade. Cerca de 48,1% dos trabalhadores referiram queixa de dor. Com relação ao local de dor, a principal região citada foi a coluna, sendo a região lombar a mais afetada, seguida da região cervical. Conclusões: A prevalência alarmante de sintomas osteomioarticusculares entre os taxistas sugere a necessidade de programas voltados à saúde desses trabalhadores no ambiente de trabalho.
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