Introduction: Infections due to antibiotic resistant bacteria have increased alarmingly in both developed and developing countries. Unrestrained and rapidly spreading bacterial growth has turned the management of wound infections into a serious challenge. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of different bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility in various types of wound infections. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect 105 wound swabs. All isolated bacteria were identified based on colony characteristics, gram stain and standard biochemical tests, and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) with the disc diffusion method. Descriptive statistics were used to present the study findings, and all analyses were performed using Stata Version 13. Results: The rate of isolation of bacteria was 92.3%. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most frequent isolate (55.7%), followed by Escherichia coli (23.7%), Pseudomonas spp. (8.2%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (7.2%). Gram-positive bacteria were mostly (60%) found sensitive to vancomycin, azithromycin, gentamicin, imipenem, cefixime, and ceftriaxone in this study. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (>60%) showed sensitivity to cefixime, azithromycin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, gentamycin, and ceftazidime. Conclusions: The diversity of isolated bacteria and their susceptibility patterns signify a need to implement a proper infection control strategy, which can be achieved by carrying out antibiotic sensitivity tests of the isolates.
This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author SR designed the study, has performed the work, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript and managed literature searches. Authors SMS and KZM co-operated during laboratory work, guided during technical work and write up the article. Author MUA managed literature searches. Author SH supported during sample collection with data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterial infection of the stomach, which plays a major role in abdominal symptoms and gastroduodenal pathology. The pregnant women had a significantly higher relative risk of acquiring H.pylori infection during pregnancy as a result of physiological alterations. To investigate the relationship of H.pylori with dyspeptic symptoms in early and late pregnancy, thirty sera samples were obtained from pregnant women and thirty sera samples were obtained from apparently healthy women as control. All studied groups were evaluated anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody by ELISA. Ten of pregnant women samples (33.3%) were seropositive of anti-H. pylori IgG antibody in pregnant women compared with control. This lead to suggest that H. pylori positive may be related to nausea and vomiting in pregnant women.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the major illness which accounts for 7 million patient visits per year with total costs exceeding one billion dollars. 1,2 It is the most common bacterial infection particularly in women with an increasing resistance to antimicrobial drugs. 3,4 In children, it is also the second most common bacterial infection next to the respiratory tract infection. 5 The risk factors of UTI include both host and bacterial factors. Host factors are age, impaired voiding, poor personal hygiene, debility, sexual activity and use of spermicidal agents. 6,7 Women with diabetes have approximately twice higher risk of cystitis than nondiabetic women. 8 Uropathogenic strains of Esch. coli have an adherence factor called P fimbriae, or pili. These P fimbriae mediate the attachment of Esch. coli to uroepithelial cells. Thus, patients with intestinal carriage of Esch. coli that contains P fimbriae are at greater risk of developing UTI than the general population. 9
Dermatophytoses (a fungal infection of the skin, hair and nail, usually caused by dermatophytes) constitutes an important public health problem because of its high prevalence and associated morbidity but not life-threatening. Three genera of dermatophytes are recognized based on the site and pattern of fungal invasion. Dermatophytes are the predominant pathogenic mould, but yeasts (especially Candida albicans) and non-dermatophytic moulds may also be implicated. For accurate diagnosis of dermatophytoses requires microscopic demonstration and isolation and identification by culture. This study evaluates the usefulness of microscopic technique and culture for the isolation and identification of dermatophytes from clinical samples. Thirty samples were included in this study for detection of fungal elements by both methods but sensitivity of microscopic demonstration and culture were 60.0% and 66.7% respectively. As the sensitivity of microscopic demonstration (60.0%) is almost equal to the isolation and identification rate (66.7%), requires further evaluation in large scale as its ready to use format makes the application and microscopy much easier and faster.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i1.13658 KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-1, June 2012 pp.235-238
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