Improving survival of skin flaps used in soft-tissue reconstruction is clinically an important goal, and several systemic and local agents have been used for this purpose. However, a substance that prevents the flap necrosis has not yet been defined. This study aimed to investigate whether a Rosmarinus officinalis extract could improve the skin flap survival. In this study, 21 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups. Rectangular 8 × 2 cm random-pattern flaps were elevated from the back of the rats. Group I was considered the control group. In Group II, a 0.5-cc of Rosmarinus officinalis oil was applied with an ear bud to the flap area 30 minutes before the flap elevation. After suturing the flaps to their location, the oil was administered twice a day for a week. In Group III, 0.5 cc of the oil was applied twice a day to the area that was elevated for a week until surgery. At the end of the week, the flaps were sutured to their location, and wiped postoperatively twice a day for a week with the oil. Mean percentage of these areas was found to be 29.81%, 58.99%, and 67.68% in Group I, Group II, and Group III, respectively. The mean percentage of the flap survival areas and vessel diameters were significantly greater in the Groups II and III than in the control group (p < 0.05). The results revealed that the topical use of the Rosmarinus officinalis extract can increase the flap survivability.

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Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in late adult life. The tumour may be seen rarely in burn scars and accompanying other kinds of malignancies. We herein report a case of a tumour that derived from an old burn scar on the scalp. The histological examination revealed that the tumour contained both malignant fibrous histiocytoma and squamous carcinoma areas. Malignant transformation in a burn scar is a well-known development; therefore, a new lesion occurring within the scar should not be neglected.

Penetrating craniofacial traumas are rarely seen in childhood, but can lead to serious morbidities or mortality associated with the injuries of vital neurovascular structures. 1 Penetrating craniofacial injuries in childhood are most commonly caused by knives and guns, or fragments of glass and metal. 2,3 Penetrating injuries from screwdrivers and spear guns are rare among children and very few cases have been reported. We would like to share our two cases presenting with penetrating facial injuries from a screwdriver and a spear gun respectively.

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