Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a trauma and stressor-related disorder that might have prominent negative effects on the social and academic life of children. Unintentional injuries are the leading reason for physical disability and death during childhood. We aimed to investigate PTSD symptoms in children withunintentional injuries who weretreated in hospital. Children who were injured due to various causes and treated in emergency servicewere retrospectively evaluated for PTSD symptoms. The PTSD symptoms were assessed by the revised Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8), and The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children. The average age of the study sample consisting of fifty-eight male and thirty-one female children (n= 89) was found to be 13.5 2.9. On average, 5.2 3.4 months had passed after the event. The most common cause of injury was traffic accidents (37.1%) and it was followed by falling from high (33.7%), burn (25.8%), and sharp object injury (2.2%). PTSD was prevalent as 24.7% according to K-SADSevaluation. PTSD rates were observed to vary according to the nature of the event that caused the injury. The findings of our study show that more than one-third of the children, who were hospitalized due to unintentional injuries, developed severe PTSD symptoms. Children who treated for unintentional injuries in emergency services should be referred for psychiatric evaluation.
Medical professionalism is a basic competency in medical education. This study aimed to adapt the Professionalism Assessment Scale, which is used to evaluate the professionalism attitudes of medical students, into Turkish and to assess its validity and reliability. First, the scale’s translation-back-translation was performed and piloted on 30 students. Then, the final scale was applied to medical students to ensure the scale’s validity. The Penn State University College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire was used for external validation to assess criterion validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for structure validity. Test-retest, item correlations, split-half analysis, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were evaluated to determine the scale’s reliability. SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 24.0 package programs were used for statistical analysis. The statistical significance level was accepted as P<0.05. The mean age of the participants was 21±2 years, and 50.5% (n = 166) were female. Three hundred thirty-five students were invited, and 329 participated in the study. The response rate was 98%. The mean total Professionalism Assessment Scale score was 96.36±12.04. The three-factor structure of the scale, “empathy and humanism,” “professional relationship and development,” and “responsibility,” was confirmed. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.94, and both the Spearman-Brown and Guttman split-half coefficients were 0.89. The three-factor structure of the scale, consisting of 22 items, explained 59.1% of the total variance. The intraclass correlation coefficient between test-retest measurements was 0.81. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a model suitable for the original version of the scale (χ2/sd = 2.814, RMSEA = 0.074). The Turkish version of the Professionalism Assessment Scale is a valid and reliable tool to determine the professionalism attitudes of medical students in Turkey.
ÖZET Amaç: Bir çocuk psikiyatrisi polikliniğine başvuran çocuk ve ergenlerin değerlendirilmesi ve bu grupta gözlenen psikiyatrik bozuklukların gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemini Şubat-Nisan 2015 döneminde ilgili kurumun Çocuk Psikiyatrisi polikliniğine sağlık kurulu raporu talebi dışında başvuran 7-17 yaş aralığında 118 çocuk (7-12 yaş) ve 103 ergen (13-17) oluşturmaktadır. Çocuk ve ergenlerdeki psikopatoloji, psikiyatrik görüşmede "Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve S izofreni Görüs me Çizelgesi -S imdi ve Yas am Boyu S ekli-Türkçe Uyarlaması" kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 11.8±3.0 olan örneklemin çoğunluğu erkek çocuklarından (%60.2) oluşmakta ve neredeyse yarısında (%47) en az iki psikiyatrik eş tanı bulunmaktaydı. En sık gözlenen psikiyatrik bozukluklar sırasıyla; dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (%35.5), özgül fobiler (%27.6), diğer anksiyete bozuklukları (%19.5), karşıt olma karşı gelme bozukluğu (%18.6), depresif bozukluk (%17.6), obsesif kompülsif bozukluk (%14.9), tik bozuklukları (%10.9), enürezis noktürna (%9.5) ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (%5) olarak bulunmuştur. Özgül fobi (P=0.010) ile diğer anksiyete bozukluklarının (P=0.049) kızlarda, dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (P=0.020) ile karşıt olma karşı gelme bozukluğunun (P=0.003) ise erkeklerde daha sık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Polikliniğe başvuran 47 (%21.3) çocukta ise herhangi bir psikopatoloji saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları, erkek çocuklarının polikliniğimize daha çok başvurduklarını, başvuran çocuklarda psikiyatrik tanıların çeşitlilik gösterdiğini, anksiyete bozukluklarının kızlarda, dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu ile karşıt olma karşı gelme bozukluklarının ise erkeklerde daha sık olduğunu ve eş tanı sıklıklarının da oldukça yüksek seyrettiğini göstermiştir.
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