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Introduction and aim. Intense taekwondo (TKD) training, it is important to know the exercise-induced hematological and inflammatory conditions and to develop conditions suitable for physiological needs. The aim of study is to investigate the effects of TKD-specific training containing a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) component hematological parameters and on systemic inflammatory biomarkers between gender. Material and methods. The research was carried out with twenty-four elite TKD athletes (12 female, 12 male). 90 minutes of TKD-specific unit training, including 50 minutes of HIIT component was applied to the athletes. Hematological parameters included erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes and their subgroups and inflammatory biomarkers. Results. With the effect of TKD-specific HIIT, erythrocytes and hematocrit values decreased regardless of gender (p=0.003, p<0.001, respectively). Platelet values decreased in male and increased in female (p=0.637). White blood cells and neutrophil (p<0.001) and inflammatory biomarkers neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocytes ratio PLR (p<0.001, p=0.022, respectively) increased regardless of gender. Lymphocyte decreased marginally significantly (p=0.059). Conclusion. This study showed that TKD-specific HIIT increased systemic inflammatory conditions and decreased oxygen-carrying blood parameters. These fundamental findings can contribute to training science in arranging a specific taekwondo training program and sports medicine in protecting the health of athletes.

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Introduction. Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread to more than 200 countries worldwide. We aimed to present acute pancreatitis (AP) cases caused by SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. Methods. The study was conducted retrospectively between April 2020 and June 2020 in Necmettin Erbakan University Meram, Medical Faculty Hospital, and 150 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. The degree of acute pancreatitis was determined according to the Atlanta classification. Organ failures of the patients were evaluated in terms of respiratory, cardiovascular, and nephrology according to the modified Marshall scoring (MMS) system, and CTSI (Balthazar score) and Imrie score were determined. Modified   Marshall   score ≥ 2 was considered organ failure. Results. A total of 29 patients were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. All 29 patients with pancreatitis had respiratory failure during hospitalization. After the diagnosis of pancreatitis, there was no change in respiratory failure. According to the Atlanta classification, 19 patients had mild AP and 10 patients had moderate AP. Patients with acute pancreatitis were scored according to the CTSI (Balthazar score), and there were no patients with ≥6 severe pancreatitis. The CTSI score of 4 patients was 3. In addition, the Imrie score of the patients was determined and 8 patients with Imrie   score ≥ 3 were identified. Conclusion. The rate of pancreatic damage in SARS-CoV-2 infection was found to be 19% ( n = 29 ) in our study. In our study, we highlight acute pancreatitis as a complication associated with COVID-19 and the importance of pancreatic evaluation in patients with COVID-19 and abdominal pain is demonstrated.

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Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is an inborn errors of immunity (IEI) disorder characterized by impairment in the development and function of lymphocytes and could be fatal if not treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplant in the first 2 years of life. There are various diagnostic criteria for SCID among different primary immunodeficiency societies. We retrospectively evaluated clinical and laboratory findings of 59 patients followed up with the diagnosis of SCID at our clinic over the past 20 years in order to develop an algorithm that would help diagnosis of SCID for the countries where a high ratio of consanguineous marriage is present because these countries have not launched TREC assay in their newborn screening programs. The mean age at diagnosis was 5.80 ± 4.90 months, and the delay was 3.29 ± 3.99 months. The most common complaint and physical examination findings were cough (29.05%), eczematous rash (63%) and organomegaly (61%). ADA (17%), Artemis (14%), RAG1/2 (15%), MHC Class II (12%) and IL‐2R (12%) deficiencies were the most common genetic defects. Lymphopenia (87.5%) was the most frequent abnormal laboratory finding and below 3000/mm3 in 95% of the patients. The CD3+ T cell count was 300/mm3 and below in 83% of the patients. As a result, a combination of low lymphocyte count and CD3 lymphopenia for SCID diagnosis would be more reliable for countries with high rate of consanguineous marriage. Physicians should consider diagnosis of SCID in a patient presenting with severe infections and lymphocyte counts below 3000/mm3 under 2 years of age.

Introduction and aim. Mutation(s) in the gene encoding the CD19 molecule affect CD19 protein expression and primary immunodeficiency (PID) occurs. The PCR-RFLP method, which is faster and cheaper than other mutation detection methods, is rarely used in the diagnosis of PID. The study aimed to genetically identify CD19 deficiency, which is a PID, using the PCR-RFLP method. Material and methods. A total of 8 patients and two healthy controls were included in the study and the relevant region genotypes in the CD19 gene were determined by performing PCR-RFLP analysis. Results. The index case, newborn baby and mother were also included in the study. It was determined that the index case (P6) was homozygous mutant, the newborn baby (P7) and mother (P8) had heterozygous genotype. Based on this situation, one child (P1) was found to be homozygous mutant, mother (P2), father (P3) and other children (P4 and P5) had heterozygous genotype in the family, which was determined to be related to the first case. Conclusion. In our study, it has been shown that PCR-RFLP is a method that can be used in the diagnosis of PID by determining genotypes using PCR-RFLP, and especially in terms of rapid genetic testing of family screenings.