10Reinforced Concrete (RC) walls with opening under eccentric axial loads exhibit cracks 11 around the opening leading to reduction in the ultimate strength of wall. These cracks are 12 mainly due to changes in load path within the wall and stress concentration around the opening. 13Strengthening is usually required to enhance the ultimate strength of the wall and Carbon Fibre 14Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is a suitable option for this purpose. In this paper, eighteen (18) 15 one-third scaled RC walls with opening were strengthened using seven distinct Externally 16Bonded (EB) CFRP layouts and were loaded up to failure under various support conditions. 17These walls, were subjected to a uniformly distributed axial load with an eccentricity of one 18 sixth of the wall's thickness. Crack patterns, failure modes, ultimate strength, and typical strain 19 measurement of CFRP-concrete interface are presented and discussed in detail. The 20 experimental outcomes revealed that CFRP layout enhance the ultimate strength of RC walls 21 between 14.0-59.7% and 3.0-40.8% for walls under one-way and two-way actions, 22respectively. The efficiency of each CFRP layout is also investigated to prioritise the 23 appropriate layouts for each specific support condition. 24

In recent years, the strengthening and retrofitting of structural members using externally bonded carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials has gained a great deal of attention. This has eventuated from the superior properties of composite materials, including high elastic modulus, higher strengths and lighter weights. This paper presents a finite element analysis that has been validated against laboratory tests of two reinforced concrete (RC) beams, two columns, two slabs and six walls. The main focus is on the ultimate failure load of these members as they have different CFRP orientations to the loading direction. The analysis result shows a sound agreement with the experimental data regarding the ultimate failure load of RC samples, except for the RC wall. In fact, the RC wall, while under eccentric axial load, confirmed that the CFRP orientation was parallel to the loading direction, and it proved to be an insignificant contribution in the ultimate failure load of the samples. This finding demonstrates that more experiments should be considered when investigating the influence of CFRP on the ultimate strength of strengthened RC walls.

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Reinforced Concrete (RC) walls have been widely used in the construction of medium/ highrise buildings due to their substantial advantages, including fast construction and costeffectiveness. Nowadays, custom architectural designs have given rise to openings in RC walls for various purposes including doors, windows and vents. Creating such openings within the