c4b-796f-49bd-87eb-5a111 35956 f5/16934.pdf. aspx?inlin e=true (viewed May 2021). ■Understanding the professional experience of both the rural physician workforce and junior physician trainees and the impact of their training or working location is vital. Given the lack of empirical evidence on the experience of rural physicians across all career stages, the aim of our study was to assess differences in the demographic characteristics, professional profile and professional satisfaction of rural and metropolitan junior physicians and physician consultants in Australia. MethodsOur study used data from the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) study, a large longitudinal (annual cohort) survey of the Australian medical workforce. Specialty was self-identified, with only "physicians" included, using the Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) definition (adult internal medicine, paediatric and child health) (Box 1). For junior doctors, due to small annual counts in MABEL, cross-sectional data were pooled between wave 1 (2008) and wave 9 (2016); however, only the first record (at each career stage) over the 9 years was included for analysis. In contrast, cross-sectional

There was an almost fourfold increase in male suicide risk and a threefold increase in female suicide risk in the period following the 2002 bombings in Bali. Trends in tourism did not account for most of the observed increases. Other factors such as indirect socio-economic effects and Balinese notions of collective guilt and anxieties relating to ritual neglect are important in understanding the rise in suicide in the post-2002 period.

Customary land tenure claims provide a useful analogy for customary access and usage rights to critical water resources. In an increasingly water‐constrained future, such rights are at risk of political and economic contestation and local communities may find themselves abruptly divested of critical water resources just when they need them most. The new nation of East Timor is not abundantly endowed with water and inland sources are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of reduced rainfall and groundwater contamination. Recently McWilliam (2003) has suggested that in future disputes over Timorese sea tenures, the recognition of customary access or exclusive property rights to specific water resources will depend upon clearly articulated evidence of longstanding cultural associations and interactions with the aquatic landscape. The ethnographic literature provides substantiating accounts of the centrality of water in the local cosmologies of various East Timorese ethnic groups. This paper extends McWilliam's marine argument to inland water resources by reviewing the salient ethnographic evidence for Bunaq, Mumbai and Eastern Tetum populations to show that water is a key organising metaphor in the expression of Timorese kingroup affiliation, social identity and power relations. Local ritual practices further affirm customary rights of access and water use. There is an urgent need for such customary rights to water to be recognized in the current redistribution and demarcation of internal boundaries in East Timor, as well as in future struggles against vested economic and political interests.

Background: The public health and socio-economic burden of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) in East Africa is not well documented. Understanding the epidemiology and impact of HAT in such settings is difficult due to a lack of robust surveillance and reporting systems, restricting evidence-based policy development and contributing to the continued neglect of this disease.

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