Background: In India, gall stone disease is more common in women in the north, north east and east as compared to other zones in the country. Gall bladder metaplasia has been documented as the precursor lesion of dysplasia and therefore carcinoma. Present study was conducted to ascertain the frequency and type of metaplasia along with distribution in different regions of gall bladder.Methods: All the post cholecystectomy gallbladder samples submitted for histopathology comprised the study material. Three sections were from body, fundus, and neck each. The five microns thick paraffin sections were cut with microtome and stained with Hemotoxylin and Eosin (H and E).Results: The present study was conducted on 119 cholecystectomy specimens submitted for histopathological examination. Amongst premalignant lesions, cholecystitis with metaplasia was seen in 55 (46.2%) cases. Pyloric metaplasia without intestinal metaplasia was most common metaplasia (30.2%) followed by combined metaplasia (12.60%) and only intestinal metaplasia (3.36%). Out of 55 cases, fundus showed metaplasia in 47 followed by body (44) and neck (36).Conclusions: Very high frequency of metaplasias was observed (46.2%) in routine cholecystectomy specimen with pyloric metaplasia as the predominant type and intestinal metaplasia was accompanied with pyloric metaplasia in most of the cases. Metaplasia was found to be more or less equally distributed in different regions of gall bladder.
Introduction: Being the most common benign tumor of the breast, fibroadenoma show considerable histologic changes. It is important to highlight them as some of the changes are associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Aims and Objectives: To study the pattern and histologic changes in fibroadenoma breast. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of histopathology of 55 cases of fibroadenoma breast diagnosed between Jan 2017 to Jun 2018. The pattern, epithelial and stromal changes were examined. Result: Commonest age group involved was in 3rd decade. Pericanalicular pattern was the predominant pattern. Apocrine and cystic change was the commonest change in epithelium. Two cases (3.6%) showed features of complex fibroadenoma. Three (5.5%) cases showed foci of tubular adenoma. Epithelial hyperplasia was seen in 5(9%) of cases of which 2 were mild, 2 were moderate and one was atypical hyperplasia. Inflammatory infiltrate in stroma was frequently observed. Conclusion: Fibroadenoma showed variety of histological changes of which complex fibroadenoma and epithelial hyperplasia are significantly important which requires appropriate management and follow up.
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