Objectives Osteoporosis often occurs in individuals of different age groups, frequently during menopause and after ovariectomy. It increases the risk of pathological fractures almost twice. The aim of our research was to assess bone metabolism, nanocomposite structure of the tibia under conditions of ovariectomy and zoledronic acid treatment. Methods X-ray diffraction has been performed for nanostructure analysis of mineral crystallites and crystal lattice of hydroxyapatite in the tibia samples of ovariectomized rats with additional application of bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (0.025 mg/kg). Markers of remodeling – osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b – were determined. Quantitative amount of calcium in the bones was detected by atomic absorption method. Results Zoledronic acid prevented loss of mineral mass after ovariectomy. Rats after ovariectomy, treated with zoledronic acid, showed statistically higher (р<0.05) values of crystalline phase and calcium content compared with the SHAM-surgery and ovariectomy groups (р<0.05). Zoledronic acid inhibited bone remodeling, which is proved by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b reduction and inhibition of osteoclasts during the experiment. Conclusions These results enable to suggest that zoledronic acid can improve mineral mass of the bone during menopause in individuals of different age groups.
Experimental and clinical physiology and biochemistry, ECPB 2019, 3(87): 5-11. https://doi.org/ 16. Karimi A, Bagheri S, Nematy M, Saeidi M. Zinc deficiency in pregnancy and fetalneonatal outcomes and impact of the supplements on pregnancy outcomes. Introduction.Reproductive health care is one of the priority problems in modern ecological situation. Environmental pollution by heavy metals and imbalance of trace elements lead to a decrease in adaptation reserves with the further development of changes in most systems of the organism. In this regard, the research of the heavy metals and trace elements effects on pregnancy by studying their content in women's blood during uncomplicated and complicated gestation is an important issue.The purpose of this study was to assess lead, cadmium, copper and zinc levels in women's blood during the third trimester of gestation and to analyze the correlation between their content and gestational complications.Materials and methods. Investigation of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc levels in the blood of 45 women with uncomplicated pregnancy and 70 women with gestation complicated by anemia (31.4 %), threatened abortion (40.0 %) and gestational pyelonephritis (28.6 %) was carried out. The indication of metals was evaluated by the inversion voltammetry method.The following criteria were chosen: the third trimester of pregnancy, the homogeneity of social status, the absence of physical, genetic and oncological diseases, burdened obstetric and gynecological history. The course of pregnancy was analyzed by processing primary statistic documents -individual case records of pregnant and parturient women (form 111/o).Results. The average level of lead and cadmium in women's blood during third trimester of complicated pregnancy were relatively higher (p<0.01) than in women with the uncomplicated course of gestation, while the content of trace elements was significantly lower.The highest content of lead and cadmium were recorded in the blood of women with threatened miscarriage and pyelonephritis, which was 3.9 and 4.2 times higher (p<0.01) than in uncomplicated pregnancy. Lead level in women with anemia and pyelonephritis exceeded the index in physiological gestation by 3.8 and 3.1 times (p<0.01) respectively. Pregnant women with anemia and threatened miscarriage had respectively 3.0 and 3.9 times higher cadmium level (p<0.01) than healthy ones.The average copper and zinc content during the third trimester of gestation was significantly in 1.3-1.8 times (p<0.01) lower compared with uncomplicated pregnancy. The lowest levels of copper were found in the blood of pregnant women with anemia and the lowest zinc contentduring threatened miscarriage.The lowest lead content (up to 0.08 mg/L) was combined with high (over 1.5 mg/L) copper concentration and did not depend on cadmium concentration in women. At the same time, high level of lead (over 0.56 mg/L) was observed in the case of increased cadmium content (over 0.005 mg/L) and decreased copper level (up to 0.08 mg/L).It was shown that comb...
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of nonphysiological whole body vibration (0,3g) on the bone structure and metabolism in rats treated with methylprednisolone (3 mg/ kg/day every other day, 24 weeks). Amount of crystalline component and collagen in the bones was determined by X-ray diffraction method, and the level of calcium by atomic adsorption spectroscopy. Bone metabolism was assessed by determining the concentration of markers - osteocalcinandtartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b. Methylprednisolone reduced the content of the mineral component in the tibia (–16.8%) in I group compared with the control. This significantly accelerated the process of bone metabolism, as evidenced by the increased level of bone remodeling markers. It should be noted that the total nonphysiological whole body vibration did not allow a decrease in the mineral component of the bone until 16 weeks of the experiment compared with I group, although these values were lower than the control group (–28.3%). We suggests that mechanical high-frequency low-intensity whole body vibration can inhibit the negative effects of glucocorticoids on bone structure.
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