Background. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most notable health dilemmas. Analyzing plants for new antidiabetic remedies has become an impressive territory for life science researchers. Gynura procumbens has long been used to treat diabetes. Thus, we strived to ascertain the hypoglycemic potentiality of extract of leaves of G. procumbens by in vivo and in silico approaches. Methods. Fresh leaves of G. procumbens were collected and shade-dried to prepare ethanolic extracts to evaluate pharmacological parameters. Diabetes was induced in rats via injecting alloxan through the intraperitoneal route at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. Humalyzer 3000 was used to perform a biochemical assay of collected samples from rats. Anti-hyperglycemic activity study along with overdose toxicity test was performed. The pharmacological activity of this plant was also evaluated through a molecular docking study. This in silico study investigated the binding affinity of natural ligands from G. procumbens against glycoside hydrolase enzymes. Results. We detected a peak plasma concentration of G. procumbens at 3 hours 45 minutes that is roughly similar to the peak plasma concentration of metformin. Again, in OGTT and anti-hyperglycemic tests, it has been ascertained that both plant extract and metformin can exert significant P < 0.05 and highly significant P < 0.01 hypoglycemic activity in a dose-dependent manner. Metformin exhibited better therapeutic efficacy than that of plant extract, but it possessed null statistical significance. Also, our safety profile expressed that, similar to metformin, the plant extract can restore the disturbed pathological state in a dose-oriented approach with a wide safety margin. In silico study also validated the potentialities of natural constituents of G. procumbens. Conclusion. This study suggested that G. procumbens can be considered as potential antidiabetic plant. Robust and meticulous investigation regarding plant chemistry and pharmacology in the future may bring about a new dimension that will aid in discovering antidiabetic drugs from this plant in the diabetes management system.

Diabetes is a metabolic disease and plant derived products are used to combat this deadly disease. Plant is a diverse source of numerous therapeutic compounds which can be used to ameliorate diabetes. Leaves of Coccinia grandis (L.) (Family: Cucurbitaceae) is one of the leafy vegetable that is used for this purpose traditionally. It has been used against diabetes for a very long time. Our aims were to identify the hypoglycemic effect of extract of leaves of Coccinia grandis as well as to determine its safety profile so that we could use the plant material to improve the diabetic condition. Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan at a dose of 150 mg/Kg bodyweight and ethanolic extract of leaves of Coccinia grandis was fed to the rats at a dose of 750 mg/kg. We measured blood glucose level, and safety profile by measuring SGOT, SGPT and creatinine level on diabetic and non-diabetic rats before and after administration of the extract. After measuring blood glucose level, it was found that the hypoglycemic efficacy was comparable to that of metformin (p> 0.05) which was given at a dose of 500 mg/kg. Safety profile were investigated by checking SGOT, SGPT and creatinine level. It was seen that both metformin and leaf extract of Coccinia grandis improved the pathological condition induced by diabetes. Furthermore, in healthy individual rats both metformin and leaf extract of Coccinia grandis did not significantly alter the normal physiological state. It might, therefore, be inferred that the extract of leaves of Coccinia grandis could be used as a good alternative therapy to treat diabetes.

Metabolic disorder diabetes results from an alteration of the secretion or action of insulin. Nigella Sativa is a traditionally used specimen since ancient times. We aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic potential of ethanolic extract of Nzigella Sativa seed powder solution both in a dose and source-dependent manner as well as to fathom out its safety profile so that this plant can be used to ameliorate diabetes. Diabetes was induced in the rat model via intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg). Ethanolic extract of T. foenumgraecum was administered to rats' belonged to different groups. Blood glucose levels were assessed periodically and the safety profiles were evaluated through assessment of SGOT, SGPT, creatinine, and lipid profiles after sacrificing the animals. It has been evidenced that Nigella Sativa possesses anti-diabetic activity. Furthermore, the extract is capable of reversing the disturbed pathological state towards a healthy status. Besides, these therapeutic consequences possess dose-dependent potentiality (p>0.05), further a noteworthy source dependent (p> 0.01) response were experienced. It may confer that the inconsistency associated with the remedial impacts between 2 same doses belonged to two distinct sources are due to accuracy of lab-based preparation, geographic area of cultivation, and also the season of collection. Apart from that, the visual and statistical inspections have evidence that the medium and the high dose are imparting almost indistinguishable therapeutic effects. Presumably, the reason lies beneath the receptor saturation issue.

The COVID-19 disease has triggered the death of millions of people worldwide and has been the cause of 4,281 deaths in Bangladesh since 8th March 2020 till 31st August 2020. This cross-sectional study was aimed at discerning the pattern of COVID-19 among the people of this country the testing response, the recovery pattern of the patients and the effect of co-existing conditions on their recovery. An online questionnaire was made and distributed among 565 randomly selected patients for their responses and statistical analysis was performed on those responses. Each participant described multiple symptoms and the most frequently described symptoms were fever, cough and loss of smell (described by 446, 225 and 171 participants, respectively). The majority of the participants (47.16) received their test reports within 3 to 5 days whereas 27.01, 10.76 and 15.07% participants got their reports within 1-2 , 6-10 and in more than 10 days, respectively and their residence area did not affect this time interval in getting the report. Overall 90% recovery rate was found which was different in different age groups being lowest in the group of people aged 70 years or more. Recovery seemed to be influenced by educational level, but not influenced by gender, residence level or professional educational background. Co-morbidities increased the likelihood of getting the disease and some of them (diabetes, hypertension, kidney diseases, cancer and HIV) interfered with the normal recovery process. More extensive studies with larger sample sizes are needed to conclusively discern the COVID-19 disease pattern among Bangladeshi people.

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