Four studies examined the role of a decision's consistency with the orientation of the decision-maker in determining regret. In accordance with our consistency-fit model of regret, the consistency of a decision in relation to decision-makers' goals (Experiments 1), mood states (Experiment 3), and personality orientations (Experiments 2 and 4) predicted regret levels such that consistent decisions were less regrettable than decisions that were inconsistent. In Experiment 1, consistent decisions were defined in relation to decision-makers' goals of changing their typical behavior. Results revealed that decisions that were consistent with the goals of changing their typical behavior were less regrettable. In addition, Experiments 2-4 found that the salience of counterfactuals augmented participants' feelings of regret, supporting the view that accessible alternatives to chosen courses of behavior can serve as affective cues. Implications of a consistency-fit view of regret for norm theory, self-regulation and affect as information were discussed.
In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on the successful psychopath: An individual who manages to achieve occupational success despite exhibiting core psychopathic traits such as callousness. Several studies suggest this phenomenon is underpinned by a specific configuration of adaptive psychopathic traits that may facilitate positive behaviour in combination with protective variables such as education. In addition, research indicates that psychopathic personalities may be further enabled in occupational domains by specific facial cues pertaining to their underlying personality traits. The present study examined these assertions in a two-part cross-sectional design. Part 1 assessed the extent to which self-report psychopathy (as a function of education) predicted professional success in an occupational sample of 161 participants. In part 2, a convenience sample of 131 participants selected their preferred leaders from male- and female-face pairs communicating high and low psychopathy. Regression analyses revealed that psychopathy was negatively (but not significantly) related to professional success when expressed as a function of education. Conversely, a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that low psychopathy was preferred in female, relative to male, target faces. Overall, the results provided little support for psychopathy having positive impacts on professional success.
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